TEST #1 (abandoned)

Question 1

Name the two domains of prokaryotes

Question 2

Define / explain the term prokaryote

Question 3

Review the characteristics of prokaryotes

Question 4

Which domain of prokaryotes has a longer evolutionary history?

Question 5

List several locations where bacteria can be found in the body or in the environment.

Question 6

How do the number of bacteria on the body compare to the number of skin cells?

Question 7

Review the similarities between Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea.

Question 8

Review the unique features of Domain Bacteria

Question 9

Review the unique features of Domain Archaea

Question 10

By what details are bacteria classified?

Answer 10

(e.g. shape, gram stain, etc)

Question 11

List and briefly explain the external and internal structures of a bacterial cell.

Question 12

Be able to label the structures of a bacterial cell.

Question 13

List the three basic shapes of bacterial cells.

Question 14

List the stains/solutions used in the Gram Stain Technique

Question 15

State the differences between gram+ and gram- bactteria with respect to color of the cells and the peptidoglycan layer.

Question 16

Obligate Aerobe

Question 17

Obligate Anaerobe

Question 18

Facultative anaerobe

Question 19

How can bactera be beneficial to humans and the environment?

Question 20

Cyanobacteria:

• Characteristics
• Locations
• Examples

Question 21

Types of Archaebacteria

Answer 21

Thermophiles:

• “heat lovers”.
• Hot springs and thermal vents.
• Temps from 122 - 230.
• Sulfolobus, Thermus Aquaticus.

Acidophiles:

• Survive at very low pHs
• Hot springs

Methanogens:

• survive in the presence of methane gas.
• Found in digestive tract of ruminant animals
• digest cellulose

Halophiles:

• Salt lovers
• In salt ponds
• Used to create road salt

Question 22

Modes of Action antibiotics:

Answer 22

• Inhibit cell wall synthesis - Penicillin
• Disrupt cell membrane - Polymyxin
• Inhibit protein synthesis - bind to bacterial ribosomes - > can’t make protein. Streptomycin
• Inhibit transcription - Bind to bacterial RNA polymerase. Rifomycin
• Inhibit metabolic enzymes - mimic substrate of bacterial enzymes. Sulfanilamide