TEST #1 (abandoned) Flashcards
Name the two domains of prokaryotes
Define / explain the term prokaryote
Review the characteristics of prokaryotes
Which domain of prokaryotes has a longer evolutionary history?
List several locations where bacteria can be found in the body or in the environment.
How do the number of bacteria on the body compare to the number of skin cells?
Review the similarities between Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea.
Review the unique features of Domain Bacteria
Review the unique features of Domain Archaea
By what details are bacteria classified?
(e.g. shape, gram stain, etc)
List and briefly explain the external and internal structures of a bacterial cell.
Be able to label the structures of a bacterial cell.
List the three basic shapes of bacterial cells.
List the stains/solutions used in the Gram Stain Technique
State the differences between gram+ and gram- bactteria with respect to color of the cells and the peptidoglycan layer.
Obligate Aerobe
Obligate Anaerobe
Facultative anaerobe
How can bactera be beneficial to humans and the environment?
Cyanobacteria:
- Characteristics
- Locations
- Examples
Types of Archaebacteria
Thermophiles:
- “heat lovers”.
- Hot springs and thermal vents.
- Temps from 122 - 230.
- Sulfolobus, Thermus Aquaticus.
Acidophiles:
- Survive at very low pHs
- Hot springs
Methanogens:
- survive in the presence of methane gas.
- Found in digestive tract of ruminant animals
- digest cellulose
Halophiles:
- Salt lovers
- In salt ponds
- Used to create road salt
Modes of Action antibiotics:
- Inhibit cell wall synthesis - Penicillin
- Disrupt cell membrane - Polymyxin
- Inhibit protein synthesis - bind to bacterial ribosomes - > can’t make protein. Streptomycin
- Inhibit transcription - Bind to bacterial RNA polymerase. Rifomycin
- Inhibit metabolic enzymes - mimic substrate of bacterial enzymes. Sulfanilamide
