Lecture Test #2 (don't use, abandoned)

Question 1

Characteristics of Fungi

Answer 1

• Eukaryotic
• Cell wall of Chitin (heavy polysaccharide)
• Heterotrophic
• Some are parasites (ergot - wheat, corn smut)
• excellent Decomposer
  
  • Converts organic matter into inorganic matter
  • Recycles nutrients back into environment
• Can do Extracellular Digestion
  
  • (see follow on card for Extracellular Digestion)
• Most parasitic fungi are parasitic of plants (few on animals)
• Asexual and sexual reproduction
• 1 million yet to be identified, most in soil.

Question 2

Structures of Fungi

Answer 2

• Spores
  
  • Mostly non-motile (except zoospores in Chytridio)
  • Haploid
  • Reproductive structures
  • Found in spore sac
• Hyphae (hyphal filament)
  
  • Threadlike filaments
  • Collected creates mycelium
• Mycelium
  
  • Mass of Hyphae
  • Within the soil / wood (not seen)
• Fruiting body (collected hyphae above ground)
  
  • Cap
  • Gills
  • Spores

Question 3

Extracellular Digestion (Fungi)

Answer 3

(Characteristic of Fungi)

• Releases digestive enzyme
• Enzyme breaks down organic matter
• Matter releases nutrients
• Fungus / other plants feed on nutrients

Question 4

Fungi parasitic to humans

Answer 4

• Athlete’s Foot
• Thrush (mouth)
• Yeast infections

Question 5

2 Major groups of Fungi

Answer 5

• Myxomycota
  
  • Water / slime molds
• Eumycota “true fungi”
  
  • Chytridiomycota
  • Zygomycota
  • Ascomycota
  • Basidiomycota

Question 6

Chytridiomycota

Answer 6

• Oldest of fungal groups
• 1000 known in phylum
• Flagellated Zoospores(motile)
• Powerful decomposers
• Can digest cellulose, keratin, and chitin
• Partially responsible for decline in some amphibians
  
  • (skin lesions on frogs, reduces frog skin’s gas exchange ability)
• E.g. Allomyces

Question 7

Zygomycota

Answer 7

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Question 8

Ascomycota

Answer 8

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Question 9

Basidiomycota

Answer 9

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Question 10

Symbiosis (and the 3 types)

Answer 10

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Question 11

Bread Mold Lifecycle

Answer 11

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Question 12

Mushroom Lifecycle

Answer 12

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Question 13

Lichens (characteristics, locations, symbiosis type, which organisms?)

Answer 13

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Question 14

3 types of Lichens

Answer 14

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Question 15

Symbiosis Def.

Answer 15

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Question 16

Saprobes

Answer 16

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Question 17

Mycelium

Answer 17

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Question 18

Hyphae

Answer 18

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Question 19

Dikaryon Stage

Answer 19

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Question 20

Which 2 phyla in Fungi have Dikaryon stage?

Answer 20

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Question 21

Examples of beneficial fungi

Answer 21

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Question 22

Bryophytes (characteristics)

Answer 22

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Question 23

Plant adaptations for terrestrial habitats

Answer 23

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Question 24

Difference between gemetophyte and sporophyte?

Answer 24

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Question 25

What does gametophyte produce?

Answer 25

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Question 26

What does sporophyte produce?

Answer 26

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Question 27

Basics of Alternation of Generations

Answer 27

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Question 28

Ferns (seedless vascular plants) - Characteristics

Answer 28

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Question 29

Fern structures

Answer 29

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Question 30

Advantages of ferns over bryophytes?

Answer 30

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Question 31

Gymnosperm characteristics

Answer 31

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Question 32

Function and location of (gymnosperm) megasporangium & microsporangium

Answer 32

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Question 33

Megasporophyll

Answer 33

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Question 34

Microsporophyll

Answer 34

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Question 35

Monoecious

Answer 35

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Question 36

Dioecious

Answer 36

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Question 37

Generative nucleus

Answer 37

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Question 38

Tube nucleus

Answer 38

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Question 39

Generative nucleus produces what?

Answer 39

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Question 40

Tube nucleus produces what?

Answer 40

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Question 41

Megasporangium produces what?

Answer 41

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Question 42

Microsporangium produces what?

Answer 42

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Question 43

Which plant groups have swimming gametes?

Answer 43

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Question 44

Which plant groups have vascular tissue?

Answer 44

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Question 45

Which plant groups produce pollen?

Answer 45

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Question 46

Which plant groups produce seeds?

Answer 46

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Question 47

Which plant groups produce fruit?

Answer 47

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Question 48

Characteristics / functions of Shoot and Root systems

Answer 48

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Question 49

Parenchyma (characteristics / what produced?)

Answer 49

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Question 50

Collenchyma (characteristics / what produced?)

Answer 50

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Question 51

Sclerenchyma (characteristics / what produced?)

Answer 51

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Question 52

Difference between Apical and Lateral Meristem?

Answer 52

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Question 53

Xylem

Answer 53

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Question 54

Phloem

Answer 54

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Question 55

Function of vascular cambium? (monocots/dicots/both?)

Answer 55

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Question 56

Ground Tissue

Answer 56

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Question 57

Dermal Tissue

Answer 57

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Question 58

Vascular Tissues

Answer 58

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Question 59

Difference between Monocots and Dicots

Answer 59

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Question 60

Leaf structure

Answer 60

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Question 61

Identifying trees based on leaf shape and venation

Answer 61

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Question 62

Gas exchange via stomata

Answer 62

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Question 63

Mesophyll types and veins

Answer 63

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Question 64

Why are leaves important to plants and trees?

Answer 64

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