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Active Care > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What joints are prone to mobility restrictions (hypo)

A 
Upper cervical
Thoracic
Hip
Ankle
GH
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2
Q

What joints are prone to stability limitations (hyper mobile?)

A

Lower cervical
Scapula
Lumbar
Knee

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3
Q

What movements occur within the horizontal plane?

A

Internal and external rotation

Axial rotation

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4
Q

What is the hierarchy of movement?

A

Mobility
Motor control
Functional patterning

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5
Q

What is the hierarchy of movement and give example for each

A

Mobility: toe touches
Motor control: hip hinge
Functional patterning: dead lift

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6
Q

Static stretching technique

A

Get to end range and hold

Slow and constant

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7
Q

What is static stretching good for?

A

Increased acute ROM

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8
Q

Why does static stretching increase acute ROM

A

Analgesic response!

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9
Q

What are the components of stretch-induced strength loss

A

Neurological: suppressed NS because not doing anything related to task

Mechanical: stretching tissues and actin/myosin pulled out and require more time to return

More pronounced in slow velocity activities

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10
Q

When should you avoid stretching

A

During DOMS

Post high-intensity sessions or after strengthening sessions

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11
Q

Active dynamic stretching technique

A

Movement through full range
Start slow and increase in speed
Good for warm up

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12
Q

PNF?

A

Proprioceptive neuromusclular facilitation

Concept of patient management of working on total human not just one problem. Focuses on untapped patient potential and reinforces what patient can do

Move at patient pace

Increase ability to move and remain stable and guide coordinated movement thought timing and increase stamina

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13
Q

Facilitation

A

Motor control
Increases excitability to the target muscle

Way to restore dysfunctional muscle

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14
Q

Inhibition

A

Motor control
Decrease excitability or motor units

Reduce spasticity

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15
Q

Irradiation

A

Spread of excitation in the CNS that causes contraction of synergistic muscles in a specific pattern

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16
Q

3 components/planes utilized in PNF

A

Flexion/extension
Rotation
Toward and across midline and across and away from midline

Multi-plane stretching

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17
Q

PNF patterns create control by….

A

Alternating mobility and stability

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18
Q

Reciprocal inhibition aka

A

Sherrington’s law

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19
Q

What techniques utilize reciprocal inhibition/sheringtons law?

A

1.CRAC
Contract, relax, agonist contract

Ex: biceps contract, triceps inhibited

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20
Q

What is postcontraction inhibition

A

After muscle is contracted it is automatically in a relaxed state for a latent period.

And during that relaxation time you can stretch it

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21
Q

What techniques utilize the postcontraction inhibition technique

A

Hold relax
Postisometric relaxation (PIR)
Postfascilitation stretch

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22
Q

Rhythmic stabilization

A

Alternating between isometric actions of agonist and antagonist

Antagonist should be activated first

FACILLITATION (strengthen)

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23
Q

Where is the center of gravity?

A

Point equal weight on all sides

S2
Slightly higher in men

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24
Q

Are of contact between the body and supporting surface

A

Base of support

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25
Q

Maintained when COG remains over the base of support

A

Balance

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26
Q

1st class lever

A

Force, fulcrum, resistance

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27
Q

Cervical extension is what kind of lever

A

1st

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28
Q

Example of 1st class lever

A

Cervical extension
Seesaw
Scissors
Crowbar

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29
Q

2nd class lever

A

Fulcrum, resistance, force

30
Q

Example of 2nd class lever

A

Wheelbarrow
Stapler
Calf raise
Push-up

31
Q

Calf raise is what lever

A

2

32
Q

Push up is what lever

A

2

33
Q

3rd class lever

A

Fulcrum, Force, Resistance

34
Q

Examples of 3rd class lever

A

Elbow and knee flexion
Baseball swing
Tongs
Shoveling

35
Q

Mc lever

A

3

36
Q

Advantage of 3rd elver

A

Produces speed

37
Q

Longer moment arm….and torque

A

Increased torque

38
Q

How can you change the length of the moment arm?

A

Chance where resistance is placed

39
Q

Z line

A

Separates sarcomere

40
Q

H zone

A

Center of sarcomere

41
Q

M line

A

Myosin filaments anchor eachother

42
Q

A bands

A

Myosin align

43
Q

I band

A

Actin

44
Q

Force of contraction depends on what

A 
Number of motor units
Number of fibers per unit
Length of muscle
Direction of motion
Speed of contraction
45
Q

Isometric exercises are good for where

A

Muscles that stabilize the spine

46
Q

Concentric contractions use for what

A

Accelerations

47
Q

Eccentric contractions used for what

A

Shock absorption

Created increased torque

48
Q

What contraction causes DOMS

A

Eccentric

49
Q

What is the SAID principle

A

Specific
Adaptation (to)
Imposed
Demands

50
Q

Progressive overload

A

Continual gains require increasing loads

51
Q

FITT principle

A

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

52
Q

Strength

A 
Low repetitions (3-9)
High intensity (90% RM)
53
Q

Endurance

A 
High repetitions (15-20)
Low intensity (70% RM)
54
Q

Initial strength gains when and due to what

A 
3-6 weeks
Neural factors (better coordination)
55
Q

Neural factors involved in increased muscle in first 6 weeks

A

Faster rate of motor unit recruitment
Greater # and selection

Proprioceptors : detect stretch and contract faster
GTOs: detect tension and cause relaxation usually….GTO inhibition in agonist and activation in antagonist to decrease risk of tear

56
Q

Rhythmic stabilization

A

Alternating between isometric actions of agonist and antagonist muscles

57
Q

Alternating between isometric actions of the agonist and antagonist muscles

A

Rhythmic contraction

Facilitate—strengthen

58
Q

Shake weights are a type of what

A

Rhythmic stabilization

59
Q

Concentric action of antagonist followed by a concentric action of agonist

A

Slow reversal

60
Q

Slow reversal

A

Concentric action of antagonist, then concentric action of agonist

61
Q

Hold relax

A

Isometric action of antagonist

Followed by relaxation

Passive stretch of antagonist

62
Q

Isometric contraction of antagonist, followed by relaxation then passive stretch of antagonist

A

Hold relax

63
Q

What is hold relax done for?

A

Inhibit—increase ROM

64
Q

Maximal concentric action of antagonist against resistance followed by relaxation and them movement into limited ROM

A

Contract relax

65
Q

Contract relax

A

Max concentric action of antagonist against resistance followed by relaxation then movement into limited ROM

66
Q

Utilizes reciprocal inhibition by having the agonist contract while stretching the antagonist

A

Contract relax agonist contract

67
Q

Contract relax agonist contract

A

Uses reciprocal inhibition by having agonist contract while stretching antagonist

Max concentric contraction of antagonist followed by relaxation then contraction of agonist while stretching antagonist into limited ROM

68
Q

Speed of concentric and eccentric to create most force

A

Max force with slow concentric and fast eccentric

69
Q

Strength

A

Muscles ability to produce tension and resultant force

70
Q

Muscle ability to produce tension and resultant force

A

Strength

71
Q

Related to strength and speed

A

Power

72
Q

Patients with muscle dysfunction should work on what

A

Endurance

Active Care (3 decks)

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