test 1 Flashcards
Pop culture
the domain of mass entertainment consumed, distributed, and created according to shifting and entrenched tastes
- has to do w masses, common man can relate
Populism
the political doctrine that suggests that the common people are exploited by a privileged elite; there are different varieties of populism, that run from left to right of the ideological spectrum;
but overall, populism is guided by the belief that political and social goals are best achieved by the direct actions of the ‘people’
- related to democracy
Political efficacy
a citizen’s level of trust in government and the belief that she can understand and influence political affairs
- idea that citizen has that they have a voice in politics, can implement change
Gender
used to describe those characteristics of women and men, which are socially constructed, while sex refers to those which are biologically determined.
People are born female or male but learn to be girls and boys who grow into women and men.
This learned behaviour makes up gender identity and determines gender roles
- candidate’s gender is used to infer certain personality traits and leadership characteristics
Commodification
To turn into or treat as a commodity; make commercia
Spin
the age of news and information that is manipulated or slanted to affect its interpretation and influence public opinion
John Oliver effect
The playful use of political satire, comedic pop culture-driven journalism, and social criticism to expose political issues and often clarify misinformation, expose politicians, corporate and military leaders, and promote worthy causes that were not getting exposure on public airwaves
- How comedy and satire are tools of political change
- Live in a post-truth era - era of fake news; do not know who is telling the truth or what the truth is
Military-entertainment complex
A term describing the cooperation and sharing between the military and entertainment industries to their mutual benefit, especially in such fields as multimedia and virtual reality.
e.g. homeland
Political satire
the use of irony, humour and/or sarcasm to examine and criticize states of affair or controversial issues or events within the political arena;
more an attempt to expose tensions, errors, absurdity and hypocrisy than trying to offer particular solutions to a particular problem (different from political protest or dissent).
Zoon politikon
an animal intended to live in a city; a political animal“ (Aristotle)
Thought humans reached highest potential when interacting and associating as humans in political situations
□ Highest potential when they think of themselves as citizens and interact as citizens
Political
those things that are of the polis or city-state, and of concern to the those who are citizens
Idealism
asserts the priority of ideals, principles, values, and high-level goals over concrete realities and restrictions.
Idealists tend to represent the world as it might or should be
From the ancient Greek word, idein (ἰδεῖν), meaning “to see“; the attempt ‘to see’ beyond the limitations of pragmatic politics.
Realism
asserts the priority of real and actual power politics based primarily on practical and material factors and considerations, rather than explicit idealistic notions or moral or ethical premises.
Sophists
travelling teachers who taught young men how to make and win arguments in courts of law
one who teaches practical skills, such as rhetoric and deceptive accounting practices of questionable legality, that they need to be personally successful in public life
○ Realist
Sophism
a method of teaching in ancient Greece based on techniques and practices of persuasion; taught that there was no truth, just strong or weak arguments; practitioners of sophism sought to gain influence through argumentation.
Utopia
the perfect or ideal place (but one that doesn’t really exist); ancient Greek pun: ‘eu-topos’= ‘good place’/‘ou-topos= ‘no place’
Dystopia
the imperfect society or bad place, often depicted as a futuristic, imagined universe in which oppressive societal control and the illusion of a perfect society are maintained through corporate, bureaucratic, technological, moral or totalitarian control.
The Obama effect
A theory that the electorate — especially undecided voters — can be influenced by celebrities because they inherently seek to reduce their own uncertainty
Ideology
A system of frames and a neural process of framing information
mechanism that ‘frames’ the way you look at and perceive things in order to achieve one main goal: to convince one to buy into a set or system of beliefs and values, and thus direct behaviour and actions
- structures our reality
- tells us what to desire & how to desire
Conceptual framework
make sense of the world using personal experiences, preferences, and expectations
Idealist period
two decades between the world wars were marked by efforts to envision and attain a perfectly peaceful world
League of nations
comprised of an international court of justice, a legislative body, and lots of bureaucracy
○ Appeared to be substantial step towards global democracy
