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Canadian History > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the goals of Jacques Cartier’s 3rd voyage

A
  1. convert native people to Catholicism

2. Establish ai colony in the valley of St Laurent

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2
Q

How any trips did Cartier make and when were they

A

1534
1535
1541

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3
Q

Name the main reason France organized an expedition

A 
Fo find a quicker route to Asia 
To create a colonial empire
To compete with its rivals
To find precious metals
To convert native people to Catholicism
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4
Q

When prisoners were given a second chance were did they live?

A

They were adopted into long houses to replace members that had been lost

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5
Q

What was the war chief responsible for

A

Devising military strategies

Leading warriors into battle

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6
Q

Name 3 reasons for alliances

A

Conduct trade
Defend each other
Fight a common enemy
Maintain political relationships

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7
Q

Where did the nuclear and extended family live in the Iroquois community

A

Long house

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8
Q

What did they Europeans acquire from trading with the natives

A

Fur-which became a very sought out commodity in the European community

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9
Q

Was territory considered to be an individual property?

A

No

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10
Q

What is the Bering Strait theory?

A

The water was above the sea level when the sea level dropped a land from underneath the ground came up so the native people could walk on the land

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11
Q

During a time of war if you were captured was it easy to just turn Iroquoian one day?

A

No, it took many years of physiological and emotional manipulation

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12
Q

What did the native people acquire from trading with the Europeans

A 
Glass heads
Axes
Knives
Hammers
Nails
Clothing
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13
Q

Name 3 roles men did in the Algonquian community

A

Hunted and fished
Built dwells
Made boats tools and weapons
Taught boys

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14
Q

What did Jacques Cartier bring with him on his 3rd voyage ?

A

400 colonists
Some cattle
Large supply of provisions

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15
Q

How when and who discovered the Americas ?

A

In 1492 Columbus discovered the americas

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16
Q

Sedentary or Nomadic
Iroquoian
Algonquian
Inuit

A

Iroquoian sedentary
Algonquian nomadic
Inuit nomadic

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17
Q

Name 3 roles the women did in the inuit community

A 
Skinned and cleaned mammals and game 
Prepared meals
Hunted small game
Gathered: eggs urchins and mussels
Taught girls
Made clothing
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18
Q

What Asian countries were the Europeans in trade with?

A 
Spain
France
Portugal
Turkey
Italy
Holland
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19
Q

Name motivations for crossing beringia

A 
Search for food
Follow animal migration
Lack of ressources
Climate 
protection
Nomadic 
Foraging
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20
Q

Was gift giving manditory

A

No but it was expected

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21
Q

What did cartier think he discovered. What did he do after

A

He thought he found gold and diamonds and then immediately returned to France against his kinds order

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22
Q

What territory did the Iroquoian occupy

A

Great Lakes region

St Lawrence valley

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23
Q

Name 3 roles men did in the Iroquoian community

A 
Hunted and I shed 
Participated in trade 
Built dwells
Went to war when needed
Taught boys
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24
Q

What did the Iroquoian use or transportation ?

A

Canoes
Toboggans
Snowshoes

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25
Q

What territory did the Algonquian people occupy?

A

Eastern and central quebec

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26
Q

Name 3 roles the women did in the Iroquoian community

A 
We’re in charge of all farming related activities
Hunted small game
Collected nuts berries and maple
Made baskets pottery and reed mats
Taught girls
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27
Q

Could a women be a shaman ?

A

Yes

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28
Q

What were the inuit people primary means of subsistence ?

A

Hunting and fishing

Follow anima migration

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29
Q

What did inuit people sleep in?

A

Winter=igloos

Summer=tent structures

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30
Q

How were ressources split up

A

Evenly

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31
Q

Did they trade to accumulate wealth

A

No

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32
Q

How many few members did Cartier bring and hw many died and how

A

He brought 110

25 died o scurvy

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33
Q

Who did some First Nations people only hunt for fur

A

They could trade it with the Europeans

34
Q

Name 3 roles the men did in the inuit community

A

Hunting and fishing
Built dwellings
Made boats tools and weapons
Educated boys

35
Q

Why would nations trade with other nations

A

To make alliances and relationships

36
Q

Was going to île st croix successful?

A

No it was brutal

37
Q

True or false Iroquoian people were led by chiefs

A

True

38
Q

What fur was very valuable

A

Canadian fur

Beaver fur

39
Q

What did the Algonquian people use for transportation ?

A

Canoes
Toboggans
Snowshoes

40
Q

what were civil chiefs responsible for?

A

Political matter
trade matter
Relationship with other villages

41
Q

How did the ranch have steps towards beginning a foothold in the fur trade?

A

Making necessary alliances with First Nations people
Building a strategic trading post in Tadoussac
Use the trading post as a place to store goods
Place to store goods ans keep for dry

42
Q

We’re id Giovanni da Verrazano explore?

A

Regions between New Brunswick and Florida

43
Q

What did the alliance of Europeans ultimately lead to

A

Settle in the territory

44
Q

What daily decisions did chiefs make ?

A

Determining movement
Organizing expeditions
Deciding where and when to make camp

45
Q

What decisions did the council make?

A

Whether to allign with another nation

Making war/peace

46
Q

What were the Iroquoian people primary means of subsistence ?

A

Farming grew the 3 sisters

Corn squash beans

47
Q

Why did First Nations groups alliance with the French in 1603

A

To strengthen trade relationships

48
Q

What was montreal called and what was quebec called

A

Montreal-hocheloga

Quebec-stadacoma

49
Q

Name 3 ways people dies in the americas with roberval

A

Diseases
Starvation
Executed by roberval

50
Q

How did alliance go with the Europeans help the First Nations group ?

A

Steady supply of Europeans groups

or I’d able military partnership

51
Q

While Cartier was returning to France who did he saw and what ddid he tell him

A

He saw Roberval on his way back.

Roberval told him to go back but Cartier didnt listen

52
Q

When were people taken to be prisoners

A

At a time of war

53
Q

How many people were in the Algonquian hunting group

A

10-20

54
Q

What did all clans posses?

A

An animal symbol to identify themselves

55
Q

How did alliance go with the First Nations help the Europeans

A

Steady supply of fur trade

56
Q

What did shamans do/what supernatural powers did they have?

A 
Establish communications with spirits 
Interpret the significance of dreams
Predict the future 
heal individuals
Wander off evil spirits 
administrating sacred remedies
57
Q

Who decided if a prisoner deserved a second chance?

A

Clan mother

58
Q

Why did they not go to the Americas to fish in the winter

A

Because the water was frozen

59
Q

Who were in the Algonquian nuclear family ?

A

Grandparents
parents
Grand children

60
Q

What is glaciation

A

Hugh ice glows covering the nothern hemisphere

61
Q

Where the elders respected

A

Yes

62
Q

Who was in their hunting groups and what was it

A

Their family and another family

Setting up seasonal hunting camps

63
Q

If you give a gift should you expect one back?

A

Yes

64
Q

What power did the clan mother have?

A

Strip and appoint chiefs of their titles

65
Q

What did the Algonquian people sleep in? Why?

A

Wigwams because it was very convient for their nomadic way of lifestyle

66
Q

What territory did the inuit people occupy?

A

Most nighters territories of canada

67
Q

What if the inuit people use for transportation?

A

Sleds
Kayaks
Unimaks

68
Q

What were the Algonquian primary means of subsistence ?

A

Hunting and fishing

69
Q

True or false

Algonquian were led by chiefs

A

True

70
Q

Why did fisherman got to the Americas to fish?

A

Because there were so many fish there

71
Q

How did native people transmit culture/knowledge

A

Orally

72
Q

What happened in the last ice age period

A

Drastic drop in global temperature
Cause bodies of water to freeze
Result drop in ocean level

73
Q

What was the goal of cartiers second voyage

A

Finding a passage to Asia

74
Q

Why did they decide to go to dabble island

A

Serve a foothold in administrating trade and exploration

75
Q

What did Iroquoian people sleep in?

A

Long houses

76
Q

Who did the king appoint to be responsible o the colony

A

Roberval

77
Q

What was discussed in the Algonquian bands ?

A 
Law
Protection 
Which camps to go to
Elections 
Were to hunt the following year 
Distribution of rations/surplus
78
Q

Name 3 roles women did?

A 
Skinned and cleaned animals
Hunted small game
Prepared meals gathered eggs berries roots
Made clothings
Taught girls
79
Q

What was the goal of cartiers first voyage

A

Finding a route to Asia

Finding North America

80
Q

What did elders do?

A

Recounting legends and mythsims

Memorize enormous history/legends

81
Q

Name the 3 First Nations groups

A

Inuit
Algonquian
Iroquoian

Canadian History (7 decks)

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