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Ancient World History > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

artifact

A

human-made objects

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2
Q

artisan

A

a skilled worker who makes goods by hand

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3
Q

Aryans

A

Indo-Europeans, migrate, Indian subcontinent

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4
Q

barter

A

a form of trade, people exchange goods and services, no money

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5
Q

Brahmin

A

Ayran society, social class made up of priests

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6
Q

Bronze Age

A

a period in human history, people began to use bronze instead of copper or stone

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7
Q

city-state

A

a city, its surrounding lands functioning as an independent political unit

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8
Q

civilization

A

a form of a culture characterized by:

  1. cities
  2. specialized workers
  3. complex institutions
  4. record keeping
  5. advanced technology
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9
Q

covenant

A

a mutual promise or agreement

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10
Q

cultural diffusion

A

the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another

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11
Q

culture

A

a people’s unique way of life

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12
Q

cuneiform

A

a system of writing, invented by the Sumerians

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13
Q

delta

A

a marshy region at the mouth of the river

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14
Q

domestication

A

the taming of animals for human use

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15
Q

dynastic cycle

A

rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties

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16
Q

dynasty

A

a series of rulers from a single family

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17
Q

empire

A

a political unit, a number of peoples or countries controlled by a single ruler

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18
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

an arc of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea

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19
Q

feudalism

A

a political system, nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king

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20
Q

Harappan civilization

A

another name for the Indus Valley civilization that arose along the Indus River

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21
Q

hieroglyphs

A

an ancient Egyptian writing system

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22
Q

Hittites

A

an Indo-European people who settled in Anatolia

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23
Q

hominid

A

a member of a biological group including human beings and related species that walk upright

24
Q

Homo Sapiens

A

the biological species to which modern humans belong to

25
Q

hunter-gatherer

A

a member of a nomadic group, food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods

26
Q

Indo-Europeans

A

peoples that migrate from what is now southern Russia to Europe and Southwest Asia

27
Q

institution

A

a long-lasting pattern of organization in a community

28
Q

Jainism

A

a religion founded in India

29
Q

karma

A

Hinduism and Buddhism = you do bad things they’ll come back to you

30
Q

loess

A

a fertile deposit of windblown soil

31
Q

Mahabharata

A

a great Indian epic poem reflecting the struggles of the Ayrans as they moved south into India

32
Q

Mandate of Heaven

A

in Chinese history, the divine approval thought to be the basis for royal authority

33
Q

migration

A

the act of moving from one place to settle in another

34
Q

monotheism

A

the belief in a single god

35
Q

monsoon

A

a wind that shifts in direction at certain times of the year

36
Q

mummification

A

a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying

37
Q

Neolithic

A

a prehistoric period during which people learned to polish stone tools, make pottery grows crops, raise animals - also called the New Stone Age

38
Q

Neolithic Revolution

A

the major change in human life caused by the beginning of farming - people’s shift from food gathering to food producing

39
Q

nirvana

A

in Buddism, the release from pain and suffering achieved after enlightenment

40
Q

nomad

A

a member of a group that has no permanent home, wandering from place to place in search of food and water

41
Q

oracle bone

A

animal bone used by the ancient Chinese priests to communicate with the gods

42
Q

Paleothic

A

a prehistoric period during which people made use of crude stone tools and weapons - also called the Old Stone Age

43
Q

papyrus

A

a tall reed that grows in the Nile delta, used by the ancient Egyptians to make paper

44
Q

pharaoh

A

a king of ancient Egypt considered a god as well as a political and military leader

45
Q

polytheism

A

the belief in many gods

46
Q

pyramid

A

a massive structure with a rectangular base and four triangular sides

47
Q

reincarnation

A

in Hinduism and Buddism, the process in which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding

48
Q

specialization

A

the development of skills in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping

49
Q

subcontinent

A

a large landmass that forms a distinct part of a continent

50
Q

technology

A

the ways in which people apply knowledge tools, and inventions to meet their needs

51
Q

theocracy

A

a government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure

52
Q

Torah

A

the first five books of the Hebrew Bible

53
Q

tribute

A

a payment made by a weaker power to a stronger power to obtain an assurance of peace and secrurity

54
Q

Vedas

A

four collections of sacred writings produced by the Ayrans

55
Q

ziggurat

A

a tiered, pyramid-shaped structure that formed part of the Sumerian temple

Ancient World History (6 decks)

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