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Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Conservatism

A

Set of beliefs/limited role for natl govt, support for traditional values and lifestyles.

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2
Q

Political Culture

A

Set of shared values and ideas about govt.

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3
Q

expressed powers

A

constitutional or statutory powers provided by the us constitution (collect taxes,coin money,regulate commerce,foreign affairs)

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4
Q

concurrent powers

A

overlapping powers for state and natl

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5
Q

confederal

A

states have all power/independent sovereignty

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6
Q

Judicial Branch

A

Interprets Laws/Can declare executive action and legislative acts unconstitutional (by judicial review)

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7
Q

federalists

A

political group that supported creating a federal form of govt/adoption of constitution/leg by alexander hamilton/john adams.

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8
Q

2 methods of ratifying proposed amendment

A
  1. 3/4 of the state legislature 2. special convention by states to ratify (need 3/4 of states needed.
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9
Q

progressivism

A

Alternative term for liberalism

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10
Q

The three-fifths compromise

A

each slave to be counted as 3/5 of a person when counting the population.

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11
Q

Representative Democracy

A

The will of the majority is expressed through groups of individuals elected by the people to act as representatives.

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12
Q

Power

A

The ability to be able to influence the behavior of others , usually by force, persuasion, or rewards.

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13
Q

Socialism

A

Lies to the left of liberalism on political spectrum.

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14
Q

fiscal federalism

A

allocation of taxes collected by one level of govt

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15
Q

Shay’s rebellion

A

Rebellion of angry farmers in western Mass./economic depression/inflation/leg by war capt. daniel shays

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16
Q

anti-federalists

A

opposed the adoption of the constitution

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17
Q

checks and balances

A

each of 3 branches is given the means to check the actions of the others.

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18
Q

block grants

A

federal grant given to a state for a broad area/state has more say over how it is spent

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19
Q

inherent powers

A

powers of natl govt that are necessary to ensure the nation’s integrity and survival (not expressly granted in the constitution)

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20
Q

veto power

A

power that enables pres or governor to reject legislation and return it to the legislature

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21
Q

Autocracy

A

A form of government in which power and authority of the government is in the hands of a single person.

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22
Q

categorical grants

A

LBJ started-federal money for projects but had to be integrated (not for anything involved in segregation)

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23
Q

Social Contract

A

Voluntary agreement among individuals to create a govt to secure protection and welfare of all (laws to govern themselves/mayflower compact)

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24
Q

dual federalism

A

system of govt where federal and state govts maintain diverse but sovereign powers

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25
Tea Party Movement
Grassroots conservative movement after obama became pres/opposes big government and high taxation, rejects political compromise.
26
police powers
powers of govt body to create laws for health, safety, morals (reserved for the states)
27
Conservative movement
Ideological movement arose 1950's an 60's and continues to shape conservative beliefs.
28
First continental congress
A gathering of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies.
29
Executive Branch
Enforces Laws/Appoints members of supreme courts/Can veto legislation from Legislative Branch
30
federal system
division of powers between central and regional govts.
31
Liberal
Set of beliefs/Advocacy of active government and government intervention to improve welfare and protect civil rights.
32
new deal
FDR 1933-policies ushered in by FDR admin to bring us out of the great depression
33
madisonian model
by james madison/powers of govt separated into 3 branches/leg/exec/jud
34
separation of powers
principle of dividing powers amongst the 3 branches
35
Direct Democracy
Political decisions are made by the people themselves and not elected representatives.
36
Devine Right Theory
God given right to rule (King George III)
37
cooperative federalism
model of federalism where state and federal govt cooperate in solving problems
38
moderates
people who fall in the middle of political spectrum.
39
competitive federalism
model of federalism where state and local govts compete for businesses and citizens, who move to jurisdictions that offer competitive advantage
40
The great compromise
large and small states fight for representation. one chamber would rep each state equally and the other would be based on population.
41
unitary
central or natl govt has power over the states
42
faction
group of persons forming a cohesive minority (protect minority rights)
43
rule of law
those who govern to also obey the law (no one above the law).
44
bicameral legislature
legislature made up of two chambers. (based on population/Virginia plan)
45
Politics
The process of resolving conflicts over how society should use its resources (who gets what, when, where, how).
46
devolution of powers
powers back to the states from the federal govt
47
confederation
league of independent states united to achieve common goals.
48
constitutional convention
convention of delegates from the states held in philly to address the problems of the the nation.
49
Legislative Branch
Congress passes Laws/Congress can impeach and remove judges and a president from office/Override presidential veto/Senate confirms presidential appointments and ratifies treaties
50
secession
act of formally withdrawing from an alliance (like from the union in the civil war)
51
Monarchy
Form of autocracy with a king, queen, emperor, empress, tsar, or tsarina is the highest authority.
52
Dictator
Form of government in which absolute power is by an individual or group not cysupported by tradition (rule by force).
53
preemptive
doctrine that makes natl laws supreme over conflicting state laws (like clean air and water standards)
54
Bill of Rights
1st ten amendments to the constitution that lists freedoms: speech/press/religion/assembly/rights of criminally accused.
55
Parliament
Name of of national legislative body in countries governed by parliamentary system (Britain,Canada).
56
federalism
shared sovereingnty between two levels of government (between natl & state levels)
57
Liberty
freedom of individuals to believe, act and express themselves as long as it doesn't infringe on others.
58
Limited Govt
Powers of the government are very limited either thru written document or wide public understanding using institutional checks.
59
Democracy
Form of Govt. where people have ultimate political authority (rule by the people).
60
implied powers
implied powers of federal govt expressed in the constitution
61
Libertarianism
Belief that govt should do as little as possible (regulating morality and personal behavior and the economic sphere)
62
commerce clause
gives congress the power to regulate interstate and international commerce
63
Proposing an amendment
a two-thirds vote in senate and house of reps is required.
64
picket fence federalism
specific policies and programs are administered by all levels of govt (fed,state,local horizontal and policies vertical)
65
Government
Individuals and institutions that make society's rules and has power and authority to enforce them.
66
Public Services
Essential services that individuals cannot provide for themselves, like welfare, operating public schools, maintaining roads.
67
supremacy clause
federal laws superior to state and local
68
federal mandates
federal legislation that forces states and municipalities to comply with certain rules
69
Institution
Ongoing organization that performs certain functions for society.
70
new federalism
limited federal power over the states (Reagan and Nixon)
71
interstate commerce
trade that involved more than one state.
72
Natural Rights
Rights that are inherent within every man, woman, and child by virtue of being a human being - Life, liberty, and property (John Locke)
73
division of power
powers are divided between natl and state govts (basic principle of federalism)
74
elastic clause
gives congress the power to make all laws necessary and proper for the federal govt to carry out its responsibilities
75
Second continental congress
The congress of the colonies/war congress/established army/assumed powers of central govt.
76
tyranny
unrestrained power by an oppressive individual or govt.
77
Authority
The ability to legitimately exercise power, such as to enforce laws.
78
unicameral legislature
legislature with only one chamber/unchecked by any executive authority.
79
Capitalism
Economic system based on private ownership of free markets and wealth producing property.
80
Mayflower compact
Document drawn by pilgrim leaders on mayflower/laws for general good of the people.
81
articles of confederation
nation's first national constitution/followed the american revolution/central government had few powers/each state independent.

US Government (5 decks)

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