Test #1 Flashcards
Reproduce List of Models
socio/environmental genetic/physiological personality/intrapsyhic coping/social learning conditioning/reinforcement compulsive & excessive behavior biopsychosocial
What are the neutralizations?
denial of responsibility denial of injury denial of victim condemnation of condemners appealing to higher loyalties
What are the Freudian defenses?
repression denial projection displacement regression sublimation
Classical Conditioning
stimulus
unconditioned stimulus
conditioned stimulus
physiological response (heart beat faster & drug takes it away)
Operant Conditioning
reinforcement punishment acquisition extinction behavioral response discriminative stimulus
Driving by the liquor store everyday after work is an example of what?
operant conditioning
What are the stages of change?
pre-contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance termination relapse
Socio/environmental model
emphasizes the role of societal influences, peer pressure, social policies, availability, and family systems as mechanisms responsible for the adoption & maintenance of addiction
Genetic/physiological model
Family studies indicate increasing risk ratios for individuals as the # of alcoholic relatives rises & more problems as well. Studies have been done showing genetics as contributing factor of alcoholism.
Personality/intrapsychic model
correspondence between drug abuse & antisocial personality disorder, impulsivity, non-comformity, independence, & hyperactivity
Coping/social learning model
individuals use substances as alternative coping mechanisms and rely on their addictions to manage situations, or feelings of frustration, anger, anxiety or depression
Conditioning/reinforcement model
- hard to extinguish behaviors
ex: slot machine - reinforcement plays a role in goal-directed, operant behaviors
Compulsive/excessive behavior models
the behavior is out of control & the individual seems to be satisfying a physiological need/ conflict
ex: cleaning rituals
Biopsychosocial model
addiction is best understood as the result of a confluence of factors representing the 3 broad areas of influence
What is the Neutralization Theory?
How can people deviate from the norms they’ve grown up with? (Sykes & Matza 1957)
What was in the case study?
Boy named “Paul” had an alcoholic father that led to parents divorce at 8 y/o. Started drinking at a young age due to brother’s influence. Starting smoking meth & eventually manufactured it. Went to jail, now is over ten years sober & teaches at ACU.
What are common components of addiction?
- habitual patterns of appetitive behavior
- excessive & produce serious consequences
- stability of behavior over time
- interrelated psychological & physiological components to behavior
- individuals have trouble stopping them
In which model, does classical & operant conditioning fall into?
biopsychosocial model
What happens in the dopamine reward system?
Abusing drugs increases dopamine levels. Dopamine release is believed to motivate repetition of the behavior. Decrease in dopamine causes withdrawal, depression, & explains the sense of loss.
What is the endogenous opioid reward system?
Involved in the rewarding effects. It is also associated with aspects of rewards, such as the feelings of enjoyment that follow drug use.
