Final Flashcards
What are the 5 neutralization techniques?
denial of injury denial of victim denial of responsibility condemnation of condemners appealing to higher loyalties
Social/Environmental
societal influence & peer pressure
Genetic/physiological
neuroadaptation
Coping/social leaning
Albert Bandura heavily influenced this model
Conditioning/reinforcement
acquisition of behaviors
Biopsychosocial
integrative model
What does DiClemente say is the integrating principle for addiction theories?
Change
Name the 2 neural pathways mentioned in your reading related to addiction
dopamine pathway & endogenous opiod reward system
T/F neutralization was developed by Albert Bandura in the 1960’s
False
T/F the stages of change are part of a larger theory called the Transtheoretical model
True
T/F The stages of change were first developed & tested for alcohol cessation
False
T/F Dopamine plays an important role in both reward & addiction
True
T/F DiClemente sough to broaden the definition of addiction in the stages of change book
True
T/F Although the stages of change are typically used to describe the cessation of maladaptive behaviors, DiClemente uses them to illustrate the acquisition of addiction
True
Stages of change model
pre-contemplation contemplation preparation action maintenance (---> termination) relapse
Components of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Attitude Subjective Norm Perceived Behavior Control Intent Behavior
Definition of addiction according to May
“…any compulsive, habitual behavior that limits freedom of human desire. It is caused by the attachment, or nailing, of desire to specific objects.”
What are the 5 characteristics of addiction?
tolerance withdrawal distortion of attention loss of willpower self deception
What 3 Gods do we trust for security, according to May?
power
human relationships
personal possessions
In which two ways do we avoid God’s love?
attachment & repression
What is detachment, according to May?
freedom OF desire
What are the 3 basic nervous system responses?
feedback, adaptation, & habituation
What is feedback?
the first line of defense against stress; neurons sending messages to the neuron (ex: stepping on tack & your reflexes cause you to move your foot)
What is adaptation?
stress disappears & a new equilibrium is established (ex: vacationing in different time zones)
What is habituation?
nerve cells become less sensitive & less responsive to repeated stimuli (ex: beach waves becoming background noise)
What is tolerance?
wanting or needing more of the addictive behavior to feel satisfied
What is withdrawal?
absence of addictive behavior creates stress reactions or backlash reactions
What is self-deception?
the way the mind finds ways to deny the addiction or put off fighting it
What is loss of willpower?
after repeated failures to overcome the addiction willpower is lost & motivation to stop becomes hard to find
What is distortion of attention?
the way in which addictions force us focus on them & not on something else (can happen w/o us noticing)
What is denial & repression?
ignoring the continued & increasing use of a substance subconsciously, they don’t think about it
What is rationalization?
attempts to justify the behavior
What is hiding?
realization that behavior is out of control & attempts to hide it from others
What are delay tactics?
mind fights back against you as you attempt to begin quit the behavior putting it off indefinitely
What is “I can’t handle it”?
repeated failed resolutions create hopelessness
What is “I can handle it”?
thinking you are in control & have mastered the addiction right before it blindsides you into relapse
What is a breakdown?
total & complete failure which results in a borderline psychotic breakdown, usually with substances, that can not be mastered without assistance
What are the 8 self-deception techniques?
denial & repression rationalization hiding delay tactics "I can't handle it" "I can handle it" breakdown collusion
What is collusion?
the nature in which others become victims of the addiction & their methods of dealing with the addicted individual’s behaviors perpetuate the problem
Who created the neutralization techniques?
Matza & Sykes
