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Quality Management Test 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anything human or equipment problems that can result in overall decreased customer satisfaction

A

Variables

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2
Q

Benefits of QM in imaging

A

Lower repeat rates Lower equipment downtime Greatest dept efficiency Increase customer satisfaction Decreased wait times

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3
Q

Who mandates quality management programs in radiology sept

A

The Feds

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4
Q

All encompassing management program to ensure excellence of healthcare through systematic collection and evaluation of data

A

Quality Assurance

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5
Q

Human factors Ex press gained and collecting data

A

Quality assurance

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6
Q

Level at which the institution is at that time

A

Quality Assesment

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7
Q

Part of total management program that deals with instrumentation and equipment

A

Quality control

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8
Q

Levels of quality control

A

Level 1: noninvasive and simple. Performed by any tech, warm ups troubleshooting, and lead apron checks Level 2: noninvasive and complex uses special testing tools performed by specially trained tech. Level 3: invasive and complex, performed by engineers and physicist

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9
Q

JCAHO 10 step method incorporates CQI (4 things method consists of)

A

Design (assign responsibility for dept monitoring) Measure (delineate the scope of care) Assess (identify important aspects of care) Improve (identify indicators or performance measures)

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10
Q

Sentinel event

A

involving death or serious physical/emotional harm

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11
Q

Identifies potential physical and financial risk to pt, employees, or visitors an establish process to minimize them

A

Risk management

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12
Q

Filtration does what

A

Removes low energy photons that would not contribute to image

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13
Q

How much filtration is needed above 70 kvp

A

2.5 mmAl

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14
Q

Lead apron equiv

A

At least .5 mm of pb

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15
Q

Lead gloves equiv

A

At least .25mm (.5 is preferred)

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16
Q

Eyeglasses equiv

A

At least .35 mm al

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17
Q

The measurement of the level of quality at some point in time with no effort to change or improve the level of care is known as quality…

A

Control

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18
Q

Under the safe medical devices act of 1990, voluntary reporting of unsafe medical devices will require the use of form….

A

3500A

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19
Q

Customers who come from outside the healthcare organization are generally referred to as

A

External customers

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20
Q

When did mammography quality standards act become effective

A

April 1999

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21
Q

W. Edwards Deming’s management approach can be summarized by his______ points

A

10

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22
Q

How many levels of quality control testing and monitoring are there

A

3

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23
Q

Which of the following statements is correct about 80/20 rule

A

20% of causes will result in 80% of the problems

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24
Q

How many different methods of disease transmission are stated to be minimized by Tier 2 precautions

A

Three

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25
Q

Invasive quality control equipment Testing is considered to be

A

Complex

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26
Q

Which of the following are normally considered external customers

A

Inpatients

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27
Q

Which of the following is a pictorial representation of a frequency distribution

A

Histogram

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28
Q

The range of variation around the mean is called

A

Standard deviation

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29
Q

The number of items actually measured from a population is called

A

Sample

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30
Q

The FDA uses how many classifications of medical devices

A

Three

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31
Q

What is the average amount of background radiation per yr in the US

A

360mrem

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32
Q

Any activity that costs a facility either money or its reputation is known as

A

Loss potential

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33
Q

Which federal agency is responsible for establishing standards for safety and for monitoring the workplace environment

A

OSHA

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34
Q

Members of the general public who may be exposed to frequent or continuous exposure from artificial sources other than medical exposure have a recommended maximum effective dose equivalent of ____ rem/yr

A

0.1

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35
Q

The maximum dose to the fetus of an occupational worker for the emote gestation period is _____ rem

A

0.05

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36
Q

What is the humidity range for the darkroom an why

A

30-60% to prevent static electricity (will expose film)

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37
Q

A light that emits wavelengths to which some film is not sensitive to

A

A safelight

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38
Q

How far should the safelight be mounted from the feed trays or counters

A

3-4ft

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39
Q

A red safelight is called

A

GBX light bulbs

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40
Q

Program that controls and minimizes variables that result in lost business and revenue or death of or

A

Quality Management

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41
Q

Orthochromatic film

A

Sensitive to green colors and blue violet Must use purebred light GBX SAFELIGHT

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42
Q

Panchromatic film

A

Sensitive to all colors Cannot be used with any safe light

43
Q

Safelight/ dark room fog test

A

Xray a penetrometer/ step wedge then take to dark room and cover up 1/2 for 2 min process film then use densitometry to check densities.

44
Q

Store film (upright/flat) to prevent _____ fog

A

Upright Pressure

45
Q

Normal results for developer temp

A

+/- .5° 95°

46
Q

What happens if GBX safelight is damaged

A

Over developed film/ increased fog

47
Q

What does a Densitomitor do

A

Measures optical density

48
Q

What does a Sensitometer do

A

Creates optical step wedge by taking unexposed film in dark room expose film with Sensitometer then develop film

49
Q

What do you use and what are the steps involved for testing the wash.

A

Hypo retention or fixer retention (small bottle with color card) it tests the wash to make sure it has removed the fixer from film to ensure proper archiving. Steps Take a processes film and dab chemical. Wait 2 minutes then develop. Look for yellow spots on film

50
Q

Normal fixer temp variation

A

+/- 5°

51
Q

pH for fixer

A

4-4.5

52
Q

pH for developer

A

10-11.5

53
Q

Another name for step wedge

A

Penetrometer

54
Q

What is the wire mesh test

A

Tests film screen contact Looks like a window screen

55
Q

Affecting factors of screen ️️speed

A

Type of phosphors used ️️Thickness of phosphor layer ️size of phosphor crystals Reflective layer Light absorbing dyes Ambient temp KVp

56
Q

Film and no screen has highest ______

A

MTF However direct digital ha highest

57
Q

The acceptable variation o luminance uniformity for a single view box is

A

10%

58
Q

15 ft-cd would be equivalent to approx _____ lux

A

160

59
Q

The amount of light either scattered or emitted by a surface is known as

A

Luminance

60
Q

Which would be considered an acceptable humidity range for film storage

A

30-60%

61
Q

The acceptable variation of luminance uniformity for view boxes in a single bank is

A

15%

62
Q

T/F dark rooms that process film images must have adequate water supply and drainage

A

True

63
Q

Which type of film is designed to be primarily sensitive to ultraviolet light

A

Duplicating film

64
Q

The recommended color temp for view of illuminators is

A

6200° K

65
Q

The acceptable level of luminance uniformity for view boxes within the sept is

A

20%

66
Q

What materials can be found in intensifying screen phosphors

A

Tungsten Gadolinium Lanthanum

67
Q

Relative screen ️️speed values and screen resolution capability can be said to be

A

Inversely proportional

68
Q

The ability of an imaging system to distinguish structures with similar xray transmition as separate entities is known as

A

️contrast ️resolution

69
Q

Which of the following can be thought of as the amount of info recorded in an image divided by the info available in the part

A

MTF modulation transfer function

70
Q

The rare earth phosphor, lanthanum oxybromide, emits what color of light

A

Blue

71
Q

Why is it important to perform hypo retention test

A

Important for archival properties to make sure film doesn’t yellow too soon. Too much fixer yellows film quickly

72
Q

Densitometer (looks like)

A

Blue box

73
Q

Wht is the ️resolution chart

A

Metal with lines Measures ️resolution in line pairs per mm

74
Q

What is used To check screens for scratches

A

Ultraviolet light (silver with handle

75
Q
A

chemical fog

šOver development of film. Excessive base + fog and excessive optical density.

šCan be caused by developer temperature being too high, time, pH, and concentration.

76
Q
A

Curtain effect

šSolution dripping on or running down a film. Forms a pattern resembling a lace curtain.

šOccurs if wash water is dirty.

77
Q
A

Guide Shoe Marks

šScratches on images made by jagged edges of the guide shoes because they may be bent, warn, or damaged

šAppear white on radiograph

šRun parallel to direction of the film in travel

78
Q
A

Pi Lines

šArtifacts that occur relative to the circumference of a roller and therefor occur at regular intervals

šAppear as dark lines that are perpendicular to the angle of the film in travel

79
Q
A

Hesitation Marks

Stripes of decreased OD where transport rollers are left in contact with the film and further development is prevented

80
Q
A

Water spots

Occurs when water or other liquid contacts unprocessed image

-A pattern of increased optical density appears after processing

81
Q
A

Wet Pressure Sensitization

Dark stripes caused by wet rollers

82
Q
A

Grid Lines

šShadows of the lead strips caused by failure of grid to move.

šImproper grid focus

šImproper angle

šImproper CR and centering.

Decreased density-White lines

83
Q
A

Grid cut off

šDecrease in Optical density caused by primary radiation being absorbed by grid.

šAny improper use of grid can cause this.

84
Q
A

Cresent marks

šHalf moon shaped marks of increased density.

šCaused by bending the film.

85
Q
A

Tree Static

šResembles trees or bushes and is usually caused by low humidity conditions in processing area.

šDecreased density. Black “trees”.

86
Q
A

Crown Static

šMarks radiate in one direction to resemble a crown.

Excessive friction from pulling on film

87
Q
A

Smudge Static

Resembles “thumb”, dark spots on film

Caused by excessive light exposure on film, rough handling in film processing areas.

88
Q
A

Light Age Safelight Fog

šLight of any improper color lowers contrast.

šAge may lower image contrast if film has been processed beyond expiration date.

Safelight has improper filter, incorrect distance, incorrect wattage

89
Q
A

Emulsion Pick Off

šEmulsion is removed or picked off of film base.

šOccurs when two images are stuck together before processing and then pulled apart.

šDecreased Density

90
Q
A

Tube not detented

šVertically: Upright bucky, image all at the top or bottom.

šHorizontally: Table bucky, image all on one side or the other.

91
Q

Radiation Safety program in QM includes

A

Rad Safety Officer to ensure ALARA and keep track of personel protection (film badges)

92
Q

Max Effective dose for occupational worker

A

5 rem/yr

.05sV/ yr

93
Q

occupational fetal dose per month

A

.05 rem

.5 mSv

94
Q

occupational fetal dose for entire gestation

A

5 mSv

.5 rem

95
Q

Most common pathology for radiologist

A

leukemia

96
Q

Half Value Layer (HVL)

A

reduces the iontensity of the beam by 1/2

97
Q

Ideal repeat percentage

A

4-6%

98
Q

Non random; difference in true value

A

Bias

99
Q

Ideal temp for darkroom

A

65-75 degrees

100
Q

processing times are checked with

A

a stopwacth

101
Q

toe of sensetomtry graph

A

Dmin

Phenidome

102
Q

Shoulder of sensitometry graph

A

D max

hydroquinone

103
Q

Set of techniques that will proiduce a diagnostic image

A

Latitude

104
Q
A

Quality Management Test 1 (3 decks)

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