Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio Final > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q 
Bacteria that live in the roots of certain species of plants and fix nitrogen to make it biologically available to the plant are an example of: 
A) Mutualism
B) Parasitism
C) Predation
D) Competition
E) Commensalism
A

A) Mutualism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Which of the following is an example of parasitism
A) A gall on an oak tree
B) A bee pollinating a flower
C) A gazelle being eaten by a cheetah
D) Elephant seal eating a ray
E) none of the above
A

A) A gall on an oak tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q 
Genetic Drift
A) is the random changes in allele frequencies in a population
B) tends to increase genetic diversity
C) tends to decrease genetic diversity
D) A and B
E) A and C
A

C) tends to decrease genetic diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the branching point on an evolutionary tree represent?

A

The branching point represents a Most Common Recent Ancestor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The many species of finches on the Galapagos Island are an example of what?

A

Adaptive radiation - Groups of species that are eachother’s MRCA’s that have diversified to utilize different resource niches.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The competitive exclusion principle states that:

A

Complete Competitors Cannot Coexist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Allopatric Speciation is more likely on an island:
A) Close to the mainland
B) Far from the mainland

A

B) Far from the mainland

Allopatric Speciation - Geographic Isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pre zygotic reproductive isolation

A

A mechanism for reproductive isolation. Can be temporal (apple maggot fly), behavioral (sexual selection/aggression), or Mechanical (snails)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Post zygotic reproductive isolation

A

Unfit or sterile offspring - line does not continue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Autotrophs

A

Create their own food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Population Growth formula Growth =rN represents

A

(rate of births - rate of deaths) + (rate of immigration - rate of emigration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the lines of evidence that support the theory of evolution by natural selection

A

Fossil Record, Homology/Vestigal Structures, Convergent evolution, adaptive radiation, domesticated species, molecular data, fossil genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fossil record

A

Physical preserved evidence of species in different evolutionary phases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Molecular data

A
  • Shared DNA sequences between species - implies shared ancestry (simple sequence homology)
  • Evidence of geological events concurrent with divergence of certain groups (Molecular Clock)
  • Genes that are essential to life (Immortal Genes)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Homology

A

Shared traits between organisms
Similarities can be tracked through a series of more-related and less-related organisms
Simple sequence homology (Molecular data)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vestigal structures

A

structures no longer used but still present to some degree

17
Q

Convergent Evolution

A

Similar solutions to the same problems by different species (white sands lizards - adapted the same genes).

18
Q

Domesticated species (supporting evolution through natural selection)

A

Artificially selected differences in traits through breeding

Model for natural selection

19
Q

Microevolution

A 
genetic changes within a species.
 Ex: Peppered Moth
Requires :
Genetic Diversity
Excess Offspring
Preferential survival/reproduction
20
Q

What are the three requirements for microevolution

A

Genetic Diversity
Excess Offspring
Preferential survival/reproduction

21
Q

Sympatric Speciation

A

Speciation while in the same geographical area
Temporal (apple maggot fly)
Behavioral (different mating rituals)
Machanical (physically incompatible)

22
Q

Logistic Growth

A

Real-World growth, accounting for real-world factors. Instead of simply exponential growth, it’s more of an S curve. Population growth levels off when the population reaches its carrying capacity (space & resources)

23
Q

What is a species?

A

Three imperfect species concepts.

  • Biological: won’t interbreed w/others of different species or offspring are infertile
  • Phylogenetic: MCRA more distant (to another species) than those of their own species
  • Morphological: Look/act differently than other species
24
Q

Fossil Genes

A

Genes that are no longer necessary/used in a species. Often accumulate mutations and those mutations get passed on tot he next generation

25
Q

Species interaction

A

How species influence eachother in terms of population dynamics, distribution, and evolution

  • Competition
  • Parasitism
  • Predation
  • Mutualism
  • Commensalism
26
Q

Trophic Cascades

A

Change in abundance of a keystone species will cause a cascade through it’s food web, affecting all species above and below it

Bio Final (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions