Test 1 Flashcards
ALARA
As Low As Reasonable Achievable
Transformation of energy is?
Radiation
What kind of wave length do x-rays have?
Short
What is the most dangerous type of beam interaction?
Compton Scatter
Where does the x-ray come from when it is a diagnostic x-ray?
Above
Where does the x-ray come from when it is a fluoroscopy x-ray?
Below
What did Albert Einsten create?
Photoelectric Effect
What did Wilham Roentgen do?
Discovered x-ray
What did Thomas Edison do?
Fluoroscope tube; live x-ray
Characteristic x-ray produces what?
Ionizing radiation
Bremsstrahlung x-ray produces what?
ion beams, also makes them change direction
Name the x-ray internactions
classical, compton, photoelectric, uninterrupted
Name the types of x-rays?
characteristic and bremsstrahlung
Homogeneous
same
Heterogeneous
different
Cathode
Negative, electrons, filament tugstone,
Andeode
positive, rotating part, rotor
Calometer
restricts the size of the folospot
We use lead because
it has a high atomic number and gets rid of ionizing radiation
We use Pyrex glass because
it can with stand heat (due to interactions with electrons)
Filter
aluminum, gets rid of low x-rays
Collometer
lead, ionizing restricts beams
attenuation
absorb
mA
how much (quantity)
RVP
pushing power (quality)
time
seconds
What does the contrast have to have to make it work?
High atomic number
Sonography uses what instead of x-rays?
soundwaves
MRI uses what instead of x-ray?
magnetic
The K Shell can only do what?
make diagnostic imaging
Nuclear radiation
injected with isotope
mass is the ____ of matter as described by its energy equivalence
quantity
___ is the ability to do work
energy
____ is the removal of an electron from an atom
Ionization
To provide an x-ray beam that is satisfactory for imaging, you must supply the x-ray tube with ___ voltage and an electric current
high
_____ emerged as a medical specialty because of the Snook transformer and the Coolidge x-ray tube
radiology
Because of effective radiation protection practices, radiology is now considered a ____ occupation
safe
An ____ is the smallest particle that has all the properties of an element.
atom
What are the fundamental particles of an atom?
electron, proton, neutron
the atom is essentially ___ space
empty
In their normal state, atoms are electrically neutral; the electric charge on the atom is ___
zero
Ionization is the removal or addition of an ____ electron from an atom
orbital
How many electrons can be an the outer shell?
Eight
The force that keeps an electron in orbit is the ____ force
centripetal
Atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers are ____
isotopes
Atomic nuclei that have the same atomic mass number but different atomic numbers are ___
isobars
Atoms that have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons are ___
isotones
What is the basic protection of radiation?
Filtration, Collimation, Intensifying screens, protective apparel, gonadal shielding, protective barriers.
What are the natural enviromental radiation?
cosmic rays, terrestrial radiation, internally deposited radionuclides, and radon
When were computed tomography introduced?
1973
When were digital fluroscopy introduced?
1977
When were automatic film processing introduced?
1942
When was American Society of Radiologic Technologies introduced?
1920
