Test #1 Flashcards
When does the posterior fontanelle close in infants? (back of the head)
2 months
What is cephalocaudal development?
the general growth pattern of infants…they gain mobility proximal to distal. ie they move their head before their arms, etc.
When should finger foods be introduced to infants?
about 9 months (when the pincher grasp is established; if they can pick it up, they can eat it)
When do the first teeth erupt in infants?
at about 8 months
How should new foods be introduced to infants?
1 at a time, over about a week (monitoring for allergies)
What is colic?
crying for no physiological reason
What is the rule of 3 referring to colic?
occurs within the 1st 3 months, more than 3 hours a day, lasts longer than 3 weeks, usually resolved by 3 months
What about toddler’s eye sight makes them a risk for falls?
they have not yet developed depth perception
When is potty training appropriate?
bowel and bladder control is established during toddlerhood (18-24 months) and deciding when to potty train is based on the child and their readiness
When does stranger anxiety emerge?
8-12 months
What does normal breastfed stool look like?
mustard color and consistency, has white seeds, watery
What is meconium stool and when should we see it?
meconium stool is something that should be passed within the first 24 to 48 hours of life. it’s black, tarry and pasty in consistency.
What is coining?
applying ointment to the skin with a coin that causes bruises, done in some Asian cultures, “bringing bad blood out”
What is cupping?
applying a heated cup to the skin to create auction, also with the intention of “bringing bad blood out”
What is the normal weight increase in infants?
birth weight should double at 6 months and triple by 12 months
What are the characteristics of Down syndrome?
upward slant to eyes, low set ears, muscle weakness, small nose, large protruding tongue, high arched palate, square hands with a transverse crease, epicanthic folds(the folds over the inside corner of the eye)
What is appropriate nurse management of autism?
stay within the home routine, etc.
What are the clinical manifestations of fragile X syndrome?
ear infections, seizures, mitral valve prolapse, gastric reflux
When is whole milk essential and why?
whole milk is essential around 1-2 years of age, it has fats in it that breast milk does not have that are important for brain development
How many word sentences should a 3 year old be able to say?
3-4 word sentences
Toddler’s are trying to practice what? they’re in this Erikson stage…
autonomy
What Erikson stage are adolescents in?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
What Erikson stage are early school aged children in?
Industry vs. Inferiority
What is the first sign of sexual maturity in females?
breast bud development
