Test 1 Flashcards
Give empirical evidence that supports a duel store model
The dissociation between primacy and recency effects exists. There is also a difference in capacity between STM and LTM. ST has a limited capacity but has rapid input and retrieval. LT is slower to register info and retrieve it but has unlimited capacity. This supports a duel store model because if there was only one store, you would not be able to separate the primacy and recency effects efficiently.
How do you influence primacy and not recency?
To influence and effect primacy, one can speed up the process of an experiment to reduce/eliminate any rehearsal time. One could also slow down and give them too much time to rehearse to raise primacy, still effecting it, but in a positive way.
How do you influence recency and not primacy?
To prevent information from being recalled in the STM, the experimenter can wait a certain amount of time before asking the person to recall. To stop rehearsing, participants are usually given another task to do during that time until they have to recall information.
What is dissociation?
It is the separation of the primacy and the recency effect. It allows you to effect one without the other, supporting the duel store model
What are primacy and recency effects?
These effects describe what one recalls best after hearing information or a list of things. The primacy effect says that someone remembers the beginning of the list because they rehearse it enough and it moves to the LTM and the recency effect occurs because we remember the last things said more than the middle thing. This is because it is still in the STM and it is easier to recall.
What is the difference between free recall and recognition?
These both have to do with bringing information from LTM back to STM. Free recall is remembering something without any help or cues and recognition is seeing something (cue) and being able to remember something that way.
Wha is the duel process model?
This model explains that memory is stored in not just one place, but that STM and LTM both exist. When the stimuli enters the sensory register, it is moved into STM. In the working memory the control processes of rehearsal and coding help move it to the LTM. Once it is in there, it is considered ‘permanent’ although it can move back into STM if it is recalled or retrieved again. Response outputs occur from the STM.
What does ‘Attention is limited, but not fixed’ mean?
It means that we control what gets through and how we allocate those resources. Allocating more resources to things one likes/wants/is appealed to happens when enduring dispositions. This includes momentary intentions and an assessment of how demanding certain tasks are to you.
What is the workspace metaphor?
It is how much ‘space’ is given to certain things. It is also how and on what we focus on.
What is the late selection model?
One attaches meaning to everything and you make decisions later about what to pay attention to. Every source of info gets through the filter, but we choose what ones make it to the LTM
Give empirical evidence that supports the attenuation/’leaky’ filter model
There was a study where the experimenter decreased
