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Radiography DENT1102 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Radiation

A

A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles.

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2
Q

X-Radiation

A

A high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube.

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3
Q

X-ray

A

A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on photographic film or digital sensors

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4
Q

Radiology

A

The science or study of radiation used in medicine.

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5
Q

Radiograph

A

A 2D representation of a 3D object.

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6
Q

Dental radiograph

A

A photographic image produced on an image receptor by the passage of x-rays through teeth and related structures.

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7
Q

Radiography

A

The art and science of making radiographs by the exporsure of film to x-rays.

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8
Q

Dental radiography

A

The production of radiographs of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure of an image receptor to x-rays.

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9
Q

Dental radiographer

A

Any person who positions, exposes, and processes dental x-ray image receptors.

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10
Q

Most important use of radiographs

A

Detection

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11
Q

Who discovered the x-ray

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

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12
Q

When was the x-ray discovered

A

November 8th, 1895

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13
Q

Cathods

A

Streams of electrons

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14
Q

First human body x-ray was of..

A

Roentgens wifes hand, exposed for 15 minutes.

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15
Q

“x” in x-ray stands for?

A

unknown

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16
Q

First dental radiograph

A

Otto Walkhoff exposed himself for 25 minutes, placed glass photographic plate wrapped in black paper and rubber in his mouth in 1895.

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17
Q

Firt dental x-ray unit

A

William H. Rollins developed the first dental x-ray unit.

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18
Q

Bite-wing technique is..

A

Used to examine the interproximal surfaces of teeth.

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19
Q

Bite-wing image includes..

A

Crowns of the mazillary and mandibula teeth, interproximal areas and areas of the crestal bone on the same image.

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20
Q

What are bite-wing images used for..

A

detext interproximal caries, and early carious lesions. Examining the crestal bone

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21
Q

Interproximal

A

Between two adjacent teeth.

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22
Q

Interproximal examination

A

Intraoral examination used to inspect the crowns of both maxillary and mandibular teeth on a single image.

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23
Q

Bite-wing receptor

A

Type of receptor used in interproximal examination. The bite wing receptor has a “wing” the patient bites onto to stablize the receptor

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24
Q

Alveolar bone

A

Bone that supports and encases the roots of the teeth.

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25
Q

Crestal bone

A

Coronal portion of alveolar bone found between teeth, also known as the “alveolar crest bone”

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26
Q

Contact areas

A

The area of a tooth that touches an adjacent tooth.

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27
Q

Horizontal bite-wing

A

The bite win receptor is placed in the mouth with the long portion of the receptor in a horizontal direction.

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28
Q

Opened contacts

A

On a dental image, opened contacts appear as thin radiolucent lines between adjacent tooth surfaces.

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29
Q

Overlapped contacts

A

On dental image, the area where the contact area of one tooth is superimposed over the contact area of an adjacent tooth.

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30
Q

Vertical bite-wing

A

The bite-wing receptor is placed in the mouth with long portion of the receptor in a vertical direction.

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31
Q

Principles of bite-wing technique

A
  1. Receptor placed in mouth parallel to the crowns of both maxillary and mandibular teeth.
  2. The receptor is stabilized when the patient bites on the bite-wing tab.
  3. The central ray of the x-ray beam is directed through the contacts of teeth, using a vertical angulation of 10+
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32
Q

Size 0

A

Used to examine posterior teeth of children wih primary dentitions. Always placed horizontally.

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33
Q

Size 2

A

Used to examin posterior teeth in adults, either vertically or horizontally.

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34
Q

Size 3

A

Longer and narrower than the standard size 2. Used only for bite-wing exposures, Not recommended due to overlap.

35
Q

Angulation

A

Term used to describe the alignment of the central ray.

36
Q

Exposure sequence

A

A definite order for receptor placements and exposure.

37
Q

Edentulous spaces

A

An area where teeth are no longer present. Must use a cotton ball to stablize receptor.

38
Q

Torus

A

Bony growth in oral cavity.

39
Q

Mandibular tori

A

Bony growths along the lingual aspect of mandible.

40
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space.

41
Q

Energy

A

When matter is altered.

42
Q

Atom

A

Fundamental unit of matter.

43
Q

Nucleus

A

Dense core of an atom.

44
Q

Protons

A

Positive electrical charges.

45
Q

Neutron

A

No electrical charge.

46
Q

Atomis weight / Mass number

A

Equal the number of protons and neutrons.

47
Q

Electrostatic force

A

Attraction between positive and negative electrons

48
Q

Binding energy

A

Binding force of an electron.

49
Q

Molecules

A

Tiny invisible particle.

50
Q

Neutral atom

A

contains equal number of protons and electrons.

51
Q

Ion

A

When an atoms gains or loses an electrons it becomes unbalanced.

52
Q

Radiation

A

Emission and propagation of energy through space or substance in the form of waves or particles.

53
Q

Radioactivity

A

The process which certain unstable atoms or elements undergo spontaneous disintergration.

54
Q

In dentistry we use

A

Radiation, NOT radioactivity,

55
Q

Beta particles

A

Fast moving electrons emitted from nuvleus of radioactive atoms.

56
Q

Cathode rays

A

Streams of high-speef electrons that originiate in an x-ray tube.

57
Q

Alpha particles

A

Emitted from the nuclei of heavy metals and exist as two protons and neutrons without electrons.

58
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Electromagnetic radiations are arranged according to their energies.

59
Q

Long wavelength

A

Low frequency

60
Q

Short wavelength

A

High frequency

61
Q

Tube head

A

tightly sealed, heavy metal housing thayt contains the xray tube that prodiced dental x-rays.

62
Q

Metal housing

A

metal body of tube head.

63
Q

Insulating oil

A

Surrounds the x-ray tube and transformers inside the tube head to prevent overheating.

64
Q

Tubehead seal

A

permits the exit of xrays from the rube head. seals oil.

65
Q

X-ray tube

A

heart of the x-ray generating system.

66
Q

Transformer

A

alters voltage or incoming electricity.

67
Q

Aluminum disks

A

placed in path of x-ray beam to filer out the nonpenetrating, longer wavelength x-rays.

68
Q

Lead collimator

A

Central hole that fits directly over the opening of the metal housing where x-rays exit.

69
Q

PID

A

Position-idicating device, open ended lead cylinder that extends from the opening of the metal housing of the tube head.

70
Q

Cathode

A

negative electrode.

71
Q

Anode

A

Positive electrode.

72
Q

Amperage

A

measurment of the number of electrons moving through a conductor.

73
Q

Scatter

A

often used to describ x-radiation.

74
Q

Primary radiation

A

refers to penetrating x-ray beam that is produced at the target of the anode.

75
Q

Secondary radiation

A

refers to x-radiation created when primary beam interact with matter.

76
Q

Scatter radiation

A

Form of secondary radiation and is the resulf of an x-ray that has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter.

77
Q

Absorption

A

refers to the total transfer of energy from the xray photon to the atoms of matter through which the xray beam passes.

78
Q

Parallel

A

Moving or lying in the same plane.

79
Q

Intersecting

A

To cut across or through

80
Q

Perpendicular

A

Intersecting at or forming a right angle

81
Q

Right angle

A

An angle of 90 degrees

82
Q

Long axis of the tooth

A

line that divides the tooth longitudinally into two equal halves

83
Q

Central ray

A

The central portion of the primary beam of x-radiation.

Radiography DENT1102 (2 decks)

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