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CLST 102 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sources of greek history?

A
  • Inscriptions
  • Literary works
  • Archaeological sources
  • Oral tradition
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2
Q

Three major sources on athenian history?

A
  • Herodotus
  • Thucydides
  • Xenophon
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3
Q

What is Linear B?

A
  • Michael Ventris deciphered in 1952
  • Used by the Mycenaeans
  • Main use of inventory in storerooms
  • Syllabic
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4
Q

Events of the Mycenaean cultural collapse?

A
  • Palace administration collapse
  • Smaller sites and a change in social organization (simpler economy and less material)
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5
Q

Who were the sea people?

A
  • Confederations of people who attached Egypt and were beaten back
  • includes the Philistines of the bible that settled along the coast and gave Palestine its name
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6
Q

What are the dark ages?

A
  • Post-mycenaean collapse
  • Disappearance of much of elite culture, such as writing
  • New social organization (polis), one central settlement
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7
Q

Characteristics of the greek alphabet?

A
  • Adapted from the phoenician alphabet
  • Originally no vowels
  • Alphabetic, rather than syllabic
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8
Q

What is the earliest greek inscription on?

A
  • wine jug from a dance competition
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9
Q

What are the climate influences on character?

A

Cold climate: northern european - not smart but have energy
Warm climate: asia - very smart but no energy

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10
Q

Farming months

A

oct/nov: plow and sow
nov: olives
may: grain harvest
sept: vintage (grapes)
Hesiod’s works and days: praise of hard work and outline of what needs to be done and when

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11
Q

How did they travel by sea?

A
  • cargo ships and triremes
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12
Q

How did they travel by land?

A
  • donkeys
  • walking was most common form of travel
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13
Q

How did those of distinction travel?

A

Chariots

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14
Q

Who is credited with unifying athens?

A

Theseus

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15
Q

What was the agora?

A
  • multifunctional civic centre
  • essentially city centre/hall
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16
Q

What was used to mark the boundary of the agora?

A
  • boundary stones
17
Q

What were the three harbours of piraeus?

A

Kantharos: (largest, all ships)
Zea: (exclusively military, war ships)
Mounykhia: (exclusively military, war ships)

18
Q

Where does the word myth come from?

A
  • muthos, utterance, something one says
19
Q

What is Prometheus’ story in?

A
  • Theogony and Works and Days
20
Q

What does Pandora mean?

A

Giver of all or endowed with everything

20
Q

What clings to the jar?

A

hope (elpis)

21
Q

What did people order for divine guidance?

A
  • euxenippos
22
Q

What was the pythia?

A

Priestess of the sanctuary of apollo at delphi

23
Q

What did the pythia do?

A
  • sat on a tripod and held a laurel branch
  • she shook the branch and became posessed by apollo
  • oracles were always coherent but gave ominous responses
24
Q

what was the most common form of divination?

A
  • observation of the flight of birds and the entrails of sacrificed animals
25
Q

What were curse tablets and what were they made of?

A
  • made of lead
  • used due to rivalries and would be buried to invoke the death gods
26
Q

What is dike?

A
  • justice according to the established human rules
  • gods dont give rules for humans to live by
26
Q

What is kosmos?

A
  • the ordered world in the gods’ interest
  • they intervene when these are violated
27
Q

What did gods want?

A
  • time: “honour, respect”
28
Q

What is asebes?

A
  • without piety if one did not fulfill their role to the gods
29
Q

Who was protected by the gods?

A
  • suppliants
  • heralds
  • strangers
  • beggars
30
Q

What concerned the gods?

A
  • homicide
  • caused severe pollution and threatened the community
  • miasma=pollution
  • moreso pollution of humanity
31
Q

What is sacrifice?

A
  • performance that represented the relationship and hierarchy between animals, humans, and gods
32
Q

What would a sacrificial ritual look like?

A
  • washed hands, prayers, throw grain over victims, slit their throats, thigh bones wrapped in fat for gods, libation of red wine, gods consumed sacrifice by fire, eat the offal, divide portions, and give all to share
33
Q

What was holochaust?

A
  • special case of burning the whole animal
34
Q

What is katharma?

A
  • the purified place for sacrifice
35
Q

What was required to become a suppliant?

A
  • physical contact
  • touch knees or chin of person in superior position
  • also touch statue or altar as a proxy
36
Q

What did greek sanctuaries have to have?

A
  • temenos=space cut off from normal use and reserved for cult activity

CLST 102 (6 decks)

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