test 1 Flashcards
counseling defined by Webster
advice, especially thats given as a result of a consultation
counseling defined by Jackson
any time someone helps someone else with a problem
counseling defined by Rogers
good communication within and between men; or good free communication within or between men is always therapeutic
counseling defined by Ohlsen
a therapeutic experience for reasonably healthy persons. as a counselors clients are encouraged to seek assistance before they develop serious neurotic, psychotic, or characterological disorders
informational type of counseling
where a counselor shares a body of special information with a counselee
situational type of counseling
related to specific situations that may create crises and produce human pain and suffering
psychotherapy type of counseling
intervention with people whose needs are so specific that usually they can only be met by specially trained physicians or psychologists
directive style of counseling
counselor takes an active speaking role, asking questions, suggesting courses of action
non directive style of counseling
includes any type of counseling in which the counselor does not offer any direct advice or direction, but encourages the client (as by repeating phrases) to talk freely
person centered type counseling
non directive method of counseling which stresses the inherent worth of the client and the natural capacity for growth and health
pre need
counseling before a death
at need
funeral director consulting with the family from the time death occurs until the final disposition
post funeral (after care)
those appropriate and helpful acts of counseling that come after the funeral
greif counseling
helping people facilitate grief to a healthy resolution
grief therapy (worden)
specialized techniques which are used to help people with 43 symptoms of complicated grief reactions
grief support groups
groups that meet, dealing with specific grief (death of child, parent, suicide)
complicated / unresolved / chronic grief
grief extending over a long period of time without resolution
William Worden 4 tasks of mourning - task 1
to accept the reality of the loss
William Worden 4 tasks of mourning - task 2
to experience the pain and grief, and to express the emotions associated with it
William Worden 4 tasks of mourning - task 3
to adjust to an environment in which the deceased is missing
William Worden 4 tasks of mourning - task 4
to emotionally relocate the deceased or other changed condition and move on with life
Worden’s counseling principles and procedures
- help actualize loss
- help identify/express feelings
- assist living without deceased
- facilitate emotional withdrawal
- provide time to grieve
- recognize “normal” behaviors
- allow for individual differences
- provide continuing support
- examine defense mechanisms and coping styles
-identify pathology and refer
empathy
ability to perceive others experiences and communicate that perception back to the person
respect
ability to communicate the belief that everyone possesses the capacity and right to choose alternatives and make decisions
warmth and caring
ability to be considerate and friendly as demonstrated by both verbal and nonverbal behaviors
genuineness
the ability to present oneself sincerely
attachment theory is by who
John Bowlby
characteristics of normal of “uncomplicated” grief by Lindemann
- somatic or bodily distress
- preoccupation with the image of deceased
-guilt over deceased and circumstance - hostile reactions
- inability to function as before
- develop traits of the deceased
normal feelings with grief
sadness, anger, guilt, anxiety, loneliness, fatigue, helplessness, shock, yearning, emancipation, relief
normal physical sensations with grief
hollowness in stomach, tightness in chest and throat, oversensitivity to noise, sense of depersonalization, breathlessness, weakness in muscles, lack of energy, dry mouth
normal grief cognitions
disbelief, confusion, preoccupation, sense of presence, hallucinations
normal grief behaviors
sleep disturbances, appetite disturbances, absentminded behavior, social withdrawal, dreams of deceased, avoiding reminders of deceased, searching and calling out, sighing, restless hyperactivity, crying, visiting places/carrying objects that remind of deceased
symptoms of grief
- experienced in waves
- diminishes in intensity over time
- healthy self image
- hopelessness
- responds to support
- overt expression of anger
- preoccupation with deceased
symptoms of depression
- moods and feelings are static
- consistent sense of depletion
- sense of worthlessness
- disturbed self image
- pervasive hopelessness
- unresponsive to support
- anger not as pronounced
- preoccupation with self
don’t say things
- i understand how …
- death was a blessing
- you have you’re whole life ahead of you
- you can have more children
- call me when i can help
- it’s time to put it behind you
- be strong
if you have to say something
- I’m sorry
- how are you doing with all this
- what can I do for you
- I’m here and I want to listen
- It isn’t fair is it
- take all the time you need
avoidance
done with drugs, alcohol, travel, relocation, constant work, or quickly entering into a new relationship
what is abnormal grief
- active suicidal/homicidal ideation, plan, intention, means
- command hallucinations
how to help with remembering deceased loved one
- help them start thinking about the “legacy” of loved one
-encourage story telling - memory boxes
- hand molds, scrapbooks, web pages, etc
