Test 1 Flashcards
misinformation
accidental spreading of wrong information (not purposeful)
Disinformation
porposeful speard of wrong information
infodemic
lots of information is available- mis and misinformation existed beofre (ie snake juice) nut now it can be spead a lot more easily and faster
Tips on stopping the spread (of fake news)
- acess the source
- go beyond the headline
- identify the author
- check the date (how recent)
- examine the supporting evidence
- check biases
- turn on fact checkers
fake inforamtion example Hydroxyxhloroquine and ivermectin
gained traction as a potential treatment for covid
some promosing results (very early on)- limited studies, poorly designed studies
Eventually-
better designed studies and more of them- did not support hte use of it
growing disconnect with science
-want concrete answers (yes or no), but they rarely exisit
-research provides :evidence”
-Live in a world of statistics (probability)
-no such thing as scientific prrof
-Healthy scepticism is what science is build upon
scientific literacy can mean…
many things
What is scientific literacy
a skill set and mondset that will support problem solving and making intelligent, informaed decisons
A way of thinking that is more logical, with healthy level of skepticism
Impact your daily life and career
intuition
Draw general conclusions based on emotions and instincts (one way vs another)
can be based on past experiences/partial evidence
authority
statements from authorities must be true
persuasion is the not same as credibility - lots of credible people are not persuasive (and vise versa)
Rationalsim
reason/logic to draw conclusions (without actually seening anything)
–> if this, then this
but need to conside if inital premise is wrong– then logic falls flat
Empriricism
making conclusions through structured observations
-different than anecdotal evidence
*scientific process
The scientific approach
is grounded in empiricism
but also relies on rationalism, authority and intiution
reuqires healthy skepticism
-cant blindly accept what you read
-evaluate the basics of logic and the quality of scientific results (is it consistent with other work in the feild)
The scientific approach- circle (process)
Systematic set of principles and procedures for generating knowledge
observation–> question–> hypothesis–> experience–> analysis–> conclusion–>
The pseudo-scientific approach
-hypotheiss not testable
-methods are not scientific or validity of data is questionable
-evidence is anecdotal
-heavy focus on “experts”, not scientific references
-ignores conflicting evidence
-uses many “scientific sounding” terms/ideas
-claims are vague