test 1

Question 1

Active Theory

Answer 1

continued activity and the ability to stay young
predict and explain how those adjust to changes by activity level
work, wealth, and productivity

Question 2

continuity theory

Answer 2

individual has a consistent behavior and pattern and substitute a role for another
personality influences roles and activities

pattern until not suitable

Question 3

disengagement theory

Answer 3

elders withdrawal from activities early so the younger gen can do it
age discrimination

Question 4

role theory

Answer 4

adjusting to aging, self-identity
age norms and expectations
pop culture challenges it

Question 5

free radical theory

Answer 5

idk

Question 6

culture

Answer 6

learned values, beliefs, expectations, and often religion and behaviors of a group pf people

Question 7

cultural competence

Answer 7

step outside of biases and accept that others bring different values and priorities

Question 8

LEARN

Answer 8

L- listen to pt
E- explain your perception
A- acknowledge
R- recommend a plan
N- negotiate a plan

Question 9

what was the original purpose of social security?

Answer 9

provide benefits to older retired workers to prevent or minimize their dependency on younger people

Question 10

medicare A B C and D

Answer 10

A- acute care, short term rehab, SNF, hospice
B- original, primary care visits, med services and equipment
C- HMO, extra coverage, referral
D- drugs

Question 11

assisted living

Answer 11

housing and services
they cannot care for themselves and small health problems

Question 12

Continuing care retirement communities

Answer 12

full range of residential options from single family homes, skilled nursing all in one and will move into what they need

Question 13

skilled nursing facility

Answer 13

around the clock care for specialized care. hospital, rehabilitation, hospice, dementia, and a final home for those

more intense and more costly, post acute care

Question 14

independent living

Answer 14

a community that is designed only for older adults

Question 15

long term nursing facility

Answer 15

may not need intensive care but 24hour care, women, 80+, widowed, possible diabetes and high BP patients

Question 16

inpatient rehabilitation facility

Answer 16

rehab within the hospital, needs intensive care of acute setting

Question 17

elderspeak

Answer 17

ageism, where speech patterns change when talking with elders because we think they can understand us
like baby talk, pet names, using we and us, speak slow

Question 18

what are the best ways to speak to older adults?

Answer 18

eye contact, eye level, patience and respect, clarifying

Question 19

what is reminiscence and when is it used?

Answer 19

a sense or security by recalling memories, calming and helps memories

Question 20

what are the normal age-related changes to the brain

Answer 20

the number of neurons decrease, decrease neurotransmitters, memory is NOT normal

Question 21

how to improve/maintain memory and brain health?

Answer 21

engage in cognitive, sensory and motor activities, no distractions, repetition,

Question 22

health literacy

Answer 22

ability to understand and process health information, assess what they know

Question 23

what factors affect health history

Answer 23

visual and auditory, dexterity, language and health fluency, translation, available interpreter, cognitive ability

Question 24

what is FANCAPES

Answer 24

fluids, aeration, nutrition, communication, activity, pain, elimination, social skills

Question 25

what is the most common ADL assessment?

Answer 25

Katz index

Question 26

ADLs

Answer 26

activities of daily living- dressing, bathing, bathroom

Question 27

IADLs

Answer 27

instrumental adls- cooking, cleaning, transportation

Question 28

MMSE

Answer 28

day, date, month, year, season, state, ect.
3 words recall, calculations
spell words backwards

Question 29

clock drawing test

Answer 29

have them draw a clock and say “ten past 11”

Question 30

mini-cog

Answer 30

3 unrelated words to remember, clock test, MMSE then ask for 3 words

Question 31

age related changes affecting pharmokenetics and pharmodynamics?

Answer 31

decreased absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. dehydration etc.

Question 32

why do older adults have polypharmacy so often?

Answer 32

lack of communication between different doctors

Question 33

how do you prevent polypharmacy?

Answer 33

read charts, check beers list, med bags when admitted

Question 34

what are the consequences of polypharmacy?

Answer 34

toxicity, interactions

Question 35

what is the Beers Criteria?

Answer 35

list of meds that are dangerous for older people and shouldn’t be used

Question 36

normal age-related vision changes?

Answer 36

decrease near vision (presbyopia), eyelid drooping, dry eyes, flat cornea, astigmatism, chambers decrease volume, floaters

Question 37

how to prevent vision problems in older adults?

Answer 37

get eyes checked

Question 38

macular degeneration

Answer 38

thickening of the center of the retina
vessels become leaky and fluid accumulates with the macula, blurred vision in center

Question 39

glaucoma

Answer 39

darkening on the sides, can’t see in dim areas, ha, glares

Question 40

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 40

blood sugar causes damage to blood vessels in retina, leaks into eyes, black splotches, floaters, type 2

Question 41

cataracts

Answer 41

cloudy lens, halos around objects, dim

Question 42

normal age related hearing changes

Answer 42

presbycusis, noise induced, conductive

Question 43

how to prevent hearing problems in older adults?

Answer 43

screening, idk

Question 44

what are the pros and cons of hearing aids?

Answer 44

not covered by insurance, many different types

Question 45

primary prevention

Answer 45

general prevention, shots, education for pt

Question 46

secondary prevention

Answer 46

screening and early detection, mammogram, colonoscopy