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Health Care in Canada > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Health definition as per the WHO

A

State of complete mental, physical and social well-being and not merely the abscence of disease or infirmity.

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2
Q

The 1986 concept of health as per WHO

A

The abiltity to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with environment. Health is therefore a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capabilties.

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3
Q

Wellness definition

A

The way a person feels about his or her health and quality of life

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4
Q

Illness definition

A

The presence of a disease affecting the body or the mind, or the state of feeling unhealthy, even if no disease is present

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5
Q

List the dimensions of wellness

A

Physical wellness
Emotional wellness
Intellectual wellness
Spiritual wellness
Social wellness
Environmental wellness

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6
Q

What dimension of wellness is maintaining a healthy body?

A

Physical wellness

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7
Q

What dimension of wellness is displaying an ability to understand oneself and recognize pesonal strengths and limitiations?

A

Emotional wellness

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8
Q

What dimension of wellness is displaying an ability to make informed decisions that are appropriate and beneficial?

A

Intellectual wellness

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9
Q

What dimension of wellness is seeking to contribute to society; may include a commitment to a religion or a higher power?

A

Spiritual wellness

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10
Q

What dimension of wellness is relating effectively to others?

A

Social wellness

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11
Q

What dimension of wellness is engaging in a lifestyle that shows respect for one’s environment?

A

Environmental wellness

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11
Q

Disease can be defined as

A

A pathological process affecting a system or organ, which can be mental, physical, or genetic in origin. Or a change in or deviation from normal function. A group of symptoms

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11
Q

What is the Royal Commission on Health Services 1960 also known as?

A

The Hall Report

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12
Q

Who was the Hall Report Jutice?

A

Emmett Hall

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13
Q

What was recommended regarding physicians in the Hall Report?

A

The number of physicians be doubled by 1990 to meet the needs of the growing and aging population

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14
Q

What is the Hall Report the foundation of?

A

The Medical Care Act including prepaid, OHIP, and insurance

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15
Q

What was brought to light by the Hall Report?

A

Fraudulent billing issues causing doctors to back out

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16
Q

What is the approach to health that aims to improve the health of the entire population and reduce health inequities in populations called?

A

Population Health

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17
Q

What is it called when there is a presence of disease affecting the body or mind, or the start of feeling unhealthy, even if no disease is present?

A

Illness

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18
Q

How was illness once thought to be caused but is no longer even considered?

A

By the wrath of evil spirits of gods

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19
Q

What does Health Canada do?

A
  • Uses health information to prevent disease
  • Carries out recommendations from population health studies
  • Health promotion
  • Education
  • Screenings
  • Disease prevention
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20
Q

What is the health/illness continuum?

A

Measure one’s perception of their state of health on a line with “optimum health” at one end and “poor health” at the other

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21
Q

What do health indicators do?

A

Assist in comparison of health issues in a population

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22
Q

What are the most common health indicators?

A

Mortality and hospitilization rates

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23
Q

Who is the father of Medicare?

A

Tommy Douglas

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24
Q

What province was Tommy Douglas the Premier?

A

Saskatchewan

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25
Q

What did Tommy Douglas compaign for?

A

Affordable, comprehensive hospital and medical insurance plans

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26
Q

What are the phases of illness?

A
  1. Preliminary
  2. Acknowlegement
  3. Action
  4. Transitional
  5. Resolution
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27
Q

What is the preliminary phase of illness?

A

Suspecting an illness

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28
Q

What is the acknowledgement phase of illness?

A

Sustained clinical signs

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29
Q

What is the action phase of illness?

A

Seeking treatment

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30
Q

What is the transitional phase of illness?

A

Diagnosis and treatment

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31
Q

What is the resolution phase of illness?

A

Recovery and rehabilition

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32
Q

What are the stages of illness?

A

Incubation
Prodromal
Acute
Convalescent

33
Q

What is the incubation stage of illness?

A

The period from the initial entrance into the body

34
Q

What is the prodromal stage of illness?

A

Appearance of early symptoms

35
Q

What is the acute stage of illness?

A

Sytems are maximal
Height of infection
Obviously ill

36
Q

What is the convalescent stage of illness?

A

Recovery

37
Q

What health model considers all parts of the person and focuses on the positive aspects of health?

A

Holistic Model of Health

38
Q

What health model is founded on the idea that health is the absence of disease?

A

Medical Model of Health

39
Q

What health model considers the mental, physical, cultural, and spiritual wellbeing of not only the individual but the entire community?

A

Indigenous Wholistic Theory

40
Q

What health model considers health a process that continues to evolve to progress towards a future state of improved health?

A

Wellness Model of Health

41
Q

Which model of health is most common in current healthcare?

A

Wellness Model of Health

42
Q

What are the components of Population Health?

A

Canadian Institute of Health Information
Canadian Institute of Health Research
Statisitics Canada

43
Q

What does the Canadian Institute of Health Information do?

A

Collects, analyzes, and distributes data that will inform health policy while focusing on services, spending, and HR

44
Q

What is the social-ecological model?

A

Many levels of influence shapes one’s health behaviour

45
Q

What are the levels in the social-ecological model?

A

Education
Occupation
Profession
Social support
Environmental

46
Q

Difference between public health and population health?

A

Public health = individual
Population = population

47
Q

What are the Health Canada determinants of health?

A
  1. Income and Social Status
  2. Social support network
  3. Education and literacy
  4. Employment and working conditions
  5. Social environment
  6. Physical environment
48
Q

What are the examples of social environment in regards to Health Canada’s determinants of health?

A
  1. How they behave
  2. Relationships
  3. Gender
  4. Culture
  5. Ethnic group
  6. Education and workforce
  7. Where they live
  8. How they feel about themselves
49
Q

What are the examples of phsyical environment in relation to Health Canada’s determinants of health?

A
  1. Natural
    Sun
    Water
    Food
    Temperature
    Air
  2. Manufactured
    Homes
    Buildings
    Roads
    Recreational areas
    Security
  3. Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills
    Self-esteem
    Control
    Confidence
    Coping skills
    Genetic Makeup
    Diet
50
Q

What is sick role behaviour?

A

When people are ill their behaviour change and their perception may be altered.

51
Q

How do the majority of people’s response to their illnesses?

A

In an adaptive matter

52
Q

When are the changes greater in sick role behaviour?

A

When illness is more severe
The longer they are in the hospital
The more their autonomy is restricted

53
Q

How many residental schools were set up by churches?

A

150

54
Q

When did the last residental school close?

A

1997

55
Q

Why were Indigenous children forces into residental schools?

A

To “correct” their culture

56
Q

Of the diseases that ran rampant at residental schools, which was the worst?

A

TB

57
Q

How many unmarked graves are there with more being found today?

A

1800

58
Q

How many children of residental schools are missing/presumed dead?

A

4000

59
Q

What are Indian Hospitals?

A

Segregated hospitals for Indigenous People

60
Q

What were the Indian Hospitals set up to treat?

A

TB

61
Q

Where were the Indian Hospitals?

A

Mostly on boats

62
Q

What happened to those who entered the Indian Hospitals on boats?

A

Those who entered, never left

63
Q

What horrible procedures were forced on people at the Indian Hospitals?

A

Non-consentual teeth extractions and sterilization of women

64
Q

What governs and guides/limits our health care delivery and was done by royal assent still in place today?

A

Canada Health Care Act

65
Q

What is the main goal of the Canada Health Care Act?

A

To provide equal prepaid, and accessible health care to eligible Canadians

66
Q

What is the transtheoretical model?

A

People go through stages before their behaviour changes completely

67
Q

What are the stages of change in the transtheoretical model?

A

Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Relapse

68
Q

What is the Universality portion of the Canadian Health Care Act?

A

All eligible residents are entitled to all of the insured health services regardless of age, gender, race, or economic status

69
Q

What is the portability portion of the Canadian Health Care Act?

A

Canadians are covered for a certain time when moving to another province until the new region can provide coverage
Canadians are covered if leaving the country for a time decided by the region (approx 6 months/183 days)

70
Q

What is the comprehensive coverage portion of the Canadian Health Care Act?

A

Insurance plans allow eligible people with a medical need to access prepaid, medically necessary services which is equally available to all insured residents but cosmetic procedures were not covered unless required medically

71
Q

What is the public administrations portion of the Canadian Health Care Act?

A

Each province/territory health insurance plan is managed by a public authority on a nonprofit basis

72
Q

What is the accessibility portion of the Canadian Health Care Act?

A

Eligible individuals in a province/territory have reasonable access to all insured health services on uniform terms and conditions when and where they are available

Information - must provide the federal government with information about insured health care services and extended health care services

Recognition - Publicly recognize the government’s financial contributions

73
Q

What is the Lalonde Report?

A

A new perspective on the health of Canadians and the first document acknoweledged by a major industrialized nation that states health is determined by more than biology and improved health could be achieved through environment, lifetstlye, and health care changes

74
Q

What does the Public Health Agency of Canada do?

A

Enforce quarantine and sanitation laws
Imposes restrictions on immigration (to prevent spread)
Stop stale and spoilt food
Maternal and child health care

75
Q

What is a temporary diminution of the severity of disease/pain called?

A

Remission

76
Q

Define exacerbation

A

The process of making something feel worse

77
Q

What is a group of symptoms called?

A

A syndrome

78
Q

What is a disability?

A

A deviation from normal function be it physical, sensory, cognitive, and/or intellectual

79
Q

What are self-imposed risk behaviours?

A

Smoking
Unhealthing eating
Inactivity
Alcohol and drug abuse
Sexual promiscuity

80
Q

What is an unceded territory?

A

Areas that were never legally signed away to The Crown

81
Q

How are unceded territories identified as a geographical area?

A

By an FN as the land their acentors lived before settlers

82
Q

What happened to the land occupied by Indigenous Peoples before colonization took over?

A

Stolen

Health Care in Canada (3 decks)

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