Test 1 Flashcards
All living organisms today can be assigned to three separate:
domains
The basic structural functional unit of all living organisms is the:
cell
The initial accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere was the result of photosynthesis from an organism most like modern:
cyanobacteria
A final prerequisite for the survival of life on land was the accumulation of a protective layer of:
O3 (ozone) in the atmosphere
Ozone is important to life on Earth because it:
blocks much ultraviolet radiation
Earth is approximately ______ years old.
4-5 billion
The domain Eukarya includes all of the following except:
Archaea
A phylogenetic tree:
- Shows evolutionary relationships
- relies on evidence from fossils, metabolic processes, and molecular analyses of genomes
- helps us understand the history and relationships of living organisms.
- shows the order in which populations split and evolved into new species
Which of the following represents a correct ordering of the levels of complexity at which life is studied from most SIMPLE to most COMPLEX?
cell…tissue…organ…organism…population… community
Metabolism is:
all chemical transformations and reactions in an organism
Darwin referred to the differential reproductive success of individuals with particular variations as:
natural selection
After observing that fish live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that “polluted water kills fish.” This simple statement is an example of:
a hypothesis
The main purpose of any single experiment is to:
test a prediction that is based on a hypothesis
Comparative experiments are designed to answer questions that require:
observation and comparison rather than controlled variables.
Most plant and animal cells are:
large enough to be seen with a light microscope.
The surface area-to-volume ratio of a cell:
explains why cells are small.
What is the MAJOR distinction between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
A prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus, whereas a eukaryotic cell does.
A prokaryotic cell does not have a ______ or _______.
nucleus……. membrane-bound organelles
The DNA of prokaryotic cells is found in the:
nucleoid region.
Prokaryotic cells generally are smaller than eukaryotic cells because:
only eukaryotes have compartmentalization, which allows for specialization.
Which of the following is/are found in prokaryotic cells?
Ribosomes
The cytosol?
is composed largely of water
One difference between plant cells and animal cells is that:
only animal cells contain centrioles.
Which of the following is not a membrane-enclosed organelle?
Ribosome
Of the following structures of an animal cell, the one with the largest volume is the:
nucleus
Chromatin is a series of entangled threads composed of:
DNA and protein
