Test 1 Flashcards
Introspection
analyzation of yourself- self reflection
Why is too much introspection bad?
looking at yourself in your own flawed perception
How do you find out who you are?
Through interactions with other people, especially different people
What 3 things make a counselor
- Skills
- Knowledge
- Awareness (self/other)
- Dunning-Kruger effect
occurs when a person’s lack of knowledge and still in a certain area causes them to overestimate their own competence
Common factors of counselors
acceptance, genuineness, wellness perception, cultural competence, “it” factor, and empathy
acceptance
- Who are we to judge other people?
you look past the sin, in order to commune with the sinner
Genuineness
o Ability to be authentic, open, and in touch with their feelings
o Mutual trust in client and counselor
o NOT your job to make them comfortable
o Countertransference
unconscious transferring of thoughts, feelings, and attitudes onto the client by the therapist
Wellness perspective
o Willing to look at your own problems in your own life
o People who had problems and worked to fix them are some of the best counselors
Cultural competence
o Different styles of communication between cultures could be seen differently and may not feel genuine
o Different races and cultures communicate differently
“It” factor
o All great counselors have their own it factor
o Ex. making people laugh, listening, empathy, etc.
- Assimilation
willing to change information to fit into schema
- Accommodation
willing to change schema to fit information
Assimilation is difficult because…
o Trying to avoid acceptance and change
o Change = Loss = pain
Ad hominem
attacks an individual’s characteristics rather than a person’s position on an issue
Defense mechanism
walls put up around the ego to protect you ALWAYS formed because of anxiety
Denial
denying reality (“I didn’t drink all that”)
Rationalization
justification and excuses that are BS (“It’s not even that much”)
o “It’s not that I don’t like black men, I just don’t like men”
Projection
attributing aspects you don’t like about yourself onto someone else (“Your so lazy”)
Projective identification
looking for personal attributes in other people, not finding them and trying to focus it out of them (Ex. Worker working hard, not ever being lazy, make them work harder and then they will become lazy)
Deflection
came from outside and deflect it (“What about you, have you done ___”
o Use of humor
o Change the topic
Shoshin
situation when people are open to learn new things and do not have preconceptions
empathy vs sympathy
- Empathy- feelings WITH the other person
- Sympathy- feelings FOR the other person
4 major concepts for empathy
- Affective sharing between self and others
- Self/other awareness; no confusion between self & other
- Emotional regulation
- Perspective taking
- Parallel emotion
feeling the emotion of others
- Reactive emotion
reactive emotion to others emotion or situation
Perspective taking
adopt the subjective perspective of the other
- White guilt
feeling guilt for racist actions of another white person
- More guilt you feel, might try to fix their problem
What must you do for empathy?
Pull in on your own past experiences with similar issues/situations
Empathy needs:
- Affective sharing
- Self Awareness
- Emotional regulation
- Perspective talking
Affective Sharing
- Feel what client is feeling and know what client is feeling; validation
Self-Other Awareness
- Feeling sad because of parallel emotion, but that is not your sadness
Emotion Regulation
modulate parallel and reactive emotions
Perspective talking
- Know its not objective truth
- Understand why they are sad (do not have to agree)
- no judgement
Cognitive-Experiential Self Theory
- Process information through fear and through memory
- Experiential vs rational system
Experiential system
Broad, automatic, rapid (vibes/affective)
Rational system
specific, conscious, slow (logic)
Why do we remember trauma so vividly?
It protects us from experiences something like that again
Vicarious learning
learning through the experiences through other people
- ex. stereotypes
How do we start to improve our existing biases
form new neuropathways
- surround yourself with people not like you
Naïve dialectic
represents a one fold epistemic or “way of knowing” about the world
Situational contexts
eastern logic, naïve dialectic
formal logic
western logic, decontextualized facts and ideas
Dharma
the duty of the soul
- ex. fighter, empath, etc.
Can you give clients advice?
CONTEXT
Balance within the world
- Ying and yang in the universe, everything is some of each
- Not everything is Good or Evil (part of Christianity
Hitler vs Gandhi example
Can only see the darkest dark if you can see the lightest light (everything is equal)
