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Christianity > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

Christianity Terms from the Beginning to Middle Ages

1
Q

Anthony

A

Anthony of Egypt is the founder of Monasticism

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2
Q

Apocrypha

A

Stories in the bible that no one knows where they came from

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3
Q

Apostles’ Creed

A

A creed for Apostle’s where is the baptism creed and is shorter than the Nicene Creed

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4
Q

Arius

A

Priest under the Bishop of Alexandria. Speculated on what Jesus really was: said the son was a creature and that god created him

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5
Q

Athanasius

A

The man who gave the bishop support and the person who thought Arian’s views were wrong

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6
Q

Augustine of Hippo

A

Orthodox Christians (Augustine) vs Donatist and questioned Pelagianism (Human beings are born good and can freely choose to serve god or not)

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7
Q

Baptism

A

A sacrament in Christianity used to convert people to the faith

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8
Q

Benedict of Nursia

A

Founded Benedict Monasticism and gave many rules and guidelines on how to live a life of Monasticism

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9
Q

Bernard of Clairvaux

A

Became powerful due to his intellect and his discipline when it came to his religious practices and made Innocent III the Pope

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10
Q

Bible

A

Holy book for the Christians. Drives from the Greek word “biblia” which mean books

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11
Q

Bishop

A

Head of an area of a church (diocese)

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12
Q

Boniface (missionary)

A

Apostle of Germany and spread Christianity to the Franks

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13
Q

Cannon (of the Bible)

A

The list of what books belong to the Bible

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14
Q

Canon Law

A

Chruch law

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15
Q

Carolingians

A

Those who fell under Charlemagne’s rule and were originally Franks, but became Christians

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16
Q

Charlemagne

A

Emperor of the West half of Christianity. Made theological and monarchical institutions

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17
Q

Church Fathers

A

People who wrote and address church controversies or had large impacts to Christianity/Churches

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18
Q

Cistercians

A

Monks who decided to leave their monasteries and decided to go back into very strict and rigorous lifestyles that were originally attuned to monks (Bernard’s guys)

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19
Q

Clovis

A

One of the first people of Germanic folk to convert to Christianity

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20
Q

Constantine

A

Roman Emperor (the only singular one) who converted to Christianity and made crosses a big deal due to getting a vision from God

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21
Q

Creed

A

A statement of belief/confession of faith

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22
Q

Dominicans

A

Order of the Preachers who wanted to be like monks but wanted to interact with the outside world. Call each other brothers and are friars

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23
Q

Ecumenical Councils

A

Church Councils

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24
Q

Edict of Milan

A

Constantine’s Edict that gave people the freedom to be Christians and gave back property stolen from them

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25
Q

Eucharist

A

A generic term for a mass (catholic) communion (protestant)

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26
Q

Diocletian

A

One of the last romans who persecuted Christians

27
Q

Donatism

A

Officials acts of clergy depends on the personal characters of the clergymen. Argued that certain priests weren’t real priests and said that their baptisms weren’t real

28
Q

Francis of Assisi

A

Founded the Franciscans and lived in absolute poverty. Got the stigmata (wounds) of Christ

29
Q

Franciscans

A

A type of friars who decided to live in absolute poverty and didn’t like commercial society and spread the idea that one can be happy without worldly things

30
Q

Great Schism (1054)

A

The Great Schism occurred in 1054 AD and resulted in the division of Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism (West)

31
Q

Gregory I (the Great)

A

(540-604) As a pope-trained to be a statesmen but became a monk after his father died, was sent to Constantinople to represent Rome. Then once he became pope, he protected the people of Rome from the Franks who were invading (no emperor so he was in charge)

32
Q

Gregory VII-Gregory (Pope r.1073-85)

A

Wanted no simony and celibacy in the church members

33
Q

Iconoclasm

A

The practice of praying to/worshiping sacred images

34
Q

Iconoclastic Controversy

A

A disagreement among church members, questions if images of holy figure was okay or not

35
Q

Innocent III

A

Greatest Pope in the Middle Ages, came up with the two sword ideology (that the Pope and Church are above everyone else) and organized policies of Christendom and the Church

36
Q

Investiture Controversy

A

A ruler or noble figure would give the priest or holy person their title of in the church instead of a church official

37
Q

Heresy

A

Someone teaching something the church declares at false and sticks to that teaching even after being told that belief was wrong

38
Q

Jerome

A

One of the western Church Fathers and wrote/fixed the Latin Bible

39
Q

John of Damascus

A

One of the church fathers who defended icons/holy images

40
Q

Caesaropapism

A

Where a ruler is the head of the Church and State (opposite of the papacy)

41
Q

Lateran IV

A

Annual Confession & Communion and Transubstantiation (Church Council est.1215)

42
Q

Leo IX {r. 1049-54}

A

The Pope involved with the Great Schism and said that the Pope had the upmost power

43
Q

Martyr

A

People who died for Christianity and is usually associated with a miracle

44
Q

Mendicants

A

The first friars. Like a monk in practice, but go out and about within the world

45
Q

Monasticism

A

Super Christian life where people give up secular jobs, land, money and other material things: Monks and Nuns

46
Q

Nicaea, First Council of 325

A

Established the Orthodoxy, 300 Bishops showed up (325 AD)

47
Q

Nicaea, Second Council of 782

A

Icons are okay and allowed

48
Q

Nicene Creed

A

The Nicene’s Creed is an expansion of the Apostle’s Creed (Also response to Arian Beliefs)

49
Q

Orthodoxy

A

Word that means true or correct teaching. Subclass of Christianity (Eastern Church)

50
Q

Papacy

A

The institution of popes, Pope is the bishop of Rome, The Guy who replaces Peter. Pope is the head of church and even the state

51
Q

Papal States

A

Territories in which the Pope (Roman Catholic) had control over the religious beliefs of Christians in his domain

52
Q

Paul (apostle)

A

Was originally named Saul converted after seeing God

53
Q

Peter (apostle)

A

Birth name was Simon. Peter is believed to be the first Bishop of Rome

54
Q

Pelagianism

A

The Idea Human beings are born good and can freely choose to serve God or not.

55
Q

Perpetua

A

Daniel’s story but a woman this type (lions)

56
Q

Pilgrimage

A

A journey to go see a relic or a religious journey

57
Q

Priest

A

Lower ranked than bishops and can carry out sacraments

58
Q

Relics

A

Sacred object and body parts of saints

59
Q

Scholasticism

A

The teaching of clergy people where they learned about Christian stuff and how to read/write

60
Q

Septuagint

A

The name of the first translate for the Hebrew bible that was read by Greek speaking jews.

61
Q

Testaments

A

Old and new-the two books of the bible
Meaning “little stories”

62
Q

Trinity

A

Has three distinct parts which are the Father, Son and Holy Spirit (Separate but together)

63
Q

Vulgate

A

The Latin version of the Bible (Most important translation)

Christianity (3 decks)

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