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Comparative and International Policy > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 parts of an economic system

A
  1. the economy
  2. government
  3. civil society
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2
Q

what determines the political order of a country

A
  1. location
  2. history
  3. technology
  4. institutional coherence
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3
Q

what is path dependency

A

when actions in the present are constrained by actions from the past

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4
Q

what is a collective action problem

A

when would be better off cooperating but don’t because of conflicting self interest

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5
Q

what is the tragedy of the commons

A

when people act in their self interests with a common pool good (rival/non-excludable)

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6
Q

what is opportunistic behavior

A

self interest seeking behavior at the expense of other people

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7
Q

what are the 6 criteria for an economic system to be successful

A
  1. prosperity
  2. freedom
  3. justice
  4. stability
  5. sustainability
  6. human development
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8
Q

how to economics systems succeed

A

they have a surplus of resources and reinvest it

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9
Q

what are the different types of capita

A
  1. physical capital
  2. financial capital
  3. human capital
  4. social capital (EX: trust in society)
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10
Q

what are the 4 types of states

A
  1. predatory state
  2. Laissez Faire state
  3. failed state
  4. development state
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11
Q

what are the aspects of a failed state

A
  1. the state is dominated by war lords
  2. government lacks ability to carry out responsibilities
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12
Q

what are the aspects of a predatory state

A
  1. a social or interest group controls the state
  2. group uses its power to extract wealth from the rest of the population
    EX: stalin USSR
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13
Q

what are aspects of a laissez faire state

A
  1. provides minimal services but is still good
  2. works with high levels of trust in society
  3. private interest groups do not have incentive to corrupt government
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14
Q

what are aspects of a developmental state

A
  1. provides extensive services past minimal ones
  2. private interests are important but are not able to corrupt the government
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15
Q

what are the 3 things needed to be a developmental state

A
  1. impersonal state (based on merit)
  2. rule of law
  3. mechanisms of accountability (checks and balances)
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16
Q

what is rule by law

A

where some people are above the law unlike rule of law

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17
Q

what are weaknesses of markets

A
  1. reduced prosperity (monopolies/oligopolies can increase prices on people)
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18
Q

what is tacit collusion

A

when there isn’t an outright attempt to collude but achieve and agreement on price

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19
Q

what is a cartel

A

a group of firms that collude to set prices

20
Q

what is rent seeking

A

growing a persons wealth by manipulating the social environment without creating new wealth. EX: lobbying congress to add 10 cents to a sugar tariff to suppress foreign competition/ asking for a grant specifically for the company

21
Q

what are the 2 different types of freedom

A
  1. negative freedom
  2. positive freedom
22
Q

what is negative freedom

A

freedom from outside intervention EX: having the choice to have vaccinations to attend school

23
Q

what is positive freedom

A

intervention to be more free EX: government opening the opportunity to afford to go to college

24
Q

what are the 2 different political ideologies

A
  1. classical liberal (Hyeck and Freidman)
  2. progressive liberal (Keynesian)
25
Q

what did classical liberals believe in

A
  1. negative freedom
  2. think society can work on its own
26
Q

what did progressive liberals believe in

A
  1. positive freedom
  2. believe in equality of results not opportunity
27
Q

what did Keynesian believe in

A
  1. spend when economy is low, pay down debt when economy is good
  2. changes in spending cause changes in output (GDP)
28
Q

what did hayek and Freidman believe in

A
  1. high levels of freedom allows innovation and creativeness
  2. government stays out of the economy and let it fix itself
29
Q

characteristics of fascism

A
  1. extreme far right
  2. hyper nationalist
  3. similar to communism but is more lenient with property rights
    EX; Nazi
30
Q

characteristics of communism

A
  1. extreme far left
  2. emphasizes universal working class
  3. private property should be owned by the state
    EX: USSR
31
Q

what is fiscal policy

A

government policy dealing with spending and taxing (ways and means committee)

32
Q

what is monetary policy

A

policy regarding the control of money supply

33
Q

how is government measured

A
  1. scope (how much government does)
  2. strength (effectiveness)
34
Q

definition of corruption

A

misuse of public office for private gain

35
Q

what is patronage/clientelism

A

an exchange of favors for political loyalty (clientelism is on a larger scale)

36
Q

what are the 3 types of socialbility

A
  1. obligation
  2. reciprocal altruism
  3. kinship networking
37
Q

what is sociability

A

how well a society can cooperate with each other

38
Q

what is obligation within sociability

A

trusting everyone in society because it is the right thing to do

39
Q

what is reciprocal altruism within sociability

A

doing something for someone with the thought you will get something in return (could lead to corruption)

40
Q

what is kindship networking within sociability

A

only trusting bloodline and close family

41
Q

what is amoral familism

A

social behavior that only looks out for the family and no one else

42
Q

what countries that we have learned about has hyper clientelism

A

southern Italy, Greece

43
Q

why is a mafia created

A

the state doesn’t provide services like protection so the mafia filled that gap

44
Q

when was adam smith

A

1776

45
Q

what year was constitution signed

A

1787

Comparative and International Policy (3 decks)

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