Test #1 Flashcards
Meaning of Myo
muscle
Meaning of Gastro
stomach
meaning of the suffix itis
inflammation
EMTs should have a strong working knowledge of medical terminology in order to
perform and document more accurate patient assessments
The central nervous system is composed of the
brain and spinal cord
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is
heat
Muscle activity generates heat as a by-product, regardless of whether it is voluntary or involuntary. This is due to the metabolic processes in the muscle cells during contraction and relaxation. Lactic acid is a by-product of anaerobic metabolism, which can occur during intense muscle activity when the oxygen supply is insufficient, but it is not specifically a by-product of involuntary muscle activity. Heat, on the other hand, is universally produced by muscles during any form of contraction.
What are ventricles
ventricle, muscular chamber that pumps blood out of the heart and into the circulatory system
. A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The “130” in this measurement represents
ventricular contraction (Systolic pressure)
If a patient’s chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient’s respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that
minute volume is decreased
The waste products of aerobic metabolism include
carbon dioxide and water
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called
ventilation
Diffusion
Diffusion is the process whereby gases move from an area of high pressure to low pressure. This includes during - Internal respiration - this is the movement in the internal tissues between cells and capillaries, and - External respiration - when gas is exchanged between the alveoli and lung capillaries
Atherosclerosis is defined as
the buildup of plaque inside the walls of blood vessels
The respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute in an infant is
normal
Normally, the newborn’s respiratory rate is
30 to 60 breaths per minute
A palpable pulse is created by
pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction
An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. Your initial care should focus on:
airway, breathing, and circulation
ABC
What maneuver should be used to open the airway of an unresponsive patient with suspected trauma?
Jaw-thrust maneuver
When you shine a light into one pupil, the normal reaction of the other pupil should be to
become smaller
Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the presence of any symptoms?
Select one:
A. A 44-year-old male with abdominal pain and severe dizziness
B. A 49-year-old female with blurred vision and ringing in the ears
C. A 55-year-old male with a severe headache and 2 days of nausea
D. A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis
A 61-year-old female who is unconscious with facial cyanosis
Upon arriving at a potentially unsafe scene, you should first
ensure that you are safe
A man was found unresponsive in his bed at home on a winter morning. There is no evidence of injury and the patient’s medical history is not known. The patient’s face is cyanotic, yet the pulse oximeter reads 98%. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this?
A. Severe pulmonary edema
B. Carbon monoxide poisoning
C. His extremities are cold
D. Increased body temperature
Carbon monoxide poisoning
A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a
nonrebreathing mask
hypoxic meaning
not having enough oxygen
During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates
a lower airway obstruction
fluid in the alveoli makes what sound
Crackles
During your assessment of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear wheezing when listening to breath sounds. This indicates:
a lower airway obstruction
In which of the following patients would the head tilt–chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?
A. A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed
B. A 50-year-old male who is unconscious following head trauma
C. A 45-year-old male who is semiconscious after falling 20 feet
D. A 24-year-old male who is found unconscious at the base of a tree
A. A 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed
Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called
Cheyne-Stokes respirations
Cheyne-Stokes respiration is a type of breathing disorder characterized by cyclical episodes of apnea and hyperventilation
Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse?
A. Twenty breaths/min being delivered to the adult
B. Decreased compliance when squeezing the bag
C. Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag
D. Consistently increasing heart rate
C. Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag
Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct?
A. The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the capillaries.
B. Blood that returns to the lungs from the body has low levels of carbon dioxide.
C. The oxygen content in the alveoli is highest during the exhalation phase.
D. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries
D. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries
