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honors biology > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

adaptation

A

characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce in its given environment

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2
Q

atom

A

the smallest part of an element that retains the property of that element

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3
Q

autograph

A

organisms that make their own food (producers)

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4
Q

binomial system

A

a way of naming species based on kingdoms

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5
Q

biodiversity

A

the diversity of species and the interactions that sustain them

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6
Q

cell

A

the smallest unit of life. Every living thing has at least one cell

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7
Q

cell theory

A

the cell is the basic unit of life

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8
Q

chromosomes

A

a structure inside the nucleus of the cell that is made of protein and a single molecule of DNA. They carry information to help a cell grow and reproduce

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9
Q

community

A

a collection of populations interacting with each other

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10
Q

conclusion

A

the end of an experiment that includes the validity of the hypothesis based on the experimental evidence

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11
Q

control

A

the variables that stay the same during the experiment

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12
Q

cytoplasm

A

a gel-like fluid inside the plasma membrane where other parts of the cell can operate

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13
Q

deductive reasoning

A

the process of creating a hypothesis about how a certain experiment will come about based on a supported generalization

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14
Q

DNA

A

a type of molecule that contains the hereditary information for life

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15
Q

domain

A

the most general ways organisms can be grouped; 3 major categories

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16
Q

element

A

the substances that form all matter on Earth

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17
Q

energy

A

the ability to do work

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18
Q

eukaryotic

A

a type of cell that has an enclosed membrane and nucleus. Generally larger than prokaryotic cells. Membrane enclosed nucleus

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19
Q

evolution

A

the theory that modern organisms came from preexisting organisms

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20
Q

gene

A

units of heredity that provide the information necessary to control the cell

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20
Q

experiment

A

a procedure to test and prove your hypothesis

21
Q

heterotroph

A

an organism that obtains nutrients by consuming other organisms

22
Q

homeostasis

A

maintaining a stable internal environment

23
Q

hypothesis

A

an educated guess based on prior knowledge on how an experiment will come about

24
Q

inductive reasoning

A

the process of creating a generalization as a result of concluding observations that support it

25
Q

kingdom

A

subdivisions of a domain that help classify specific organisms (fungi, plantae, animalia, etc.)

26
Q

molecule

A

combined atoms held together by chemical bonds (ex: H2O)

27
Q

multicellular

A

an organism that has multiple cells in it

28
Q

mutation

A

mistakes within a DNA cell. Part of evolution

29
Q

natural causality

A

the principle that all events can be traced to natural causes

30
Q

natural selection

A

the process where organisms use specific traits to help cope with the conditions of the environment

31
Q

nucleus

A

most important part of the cell. It controls it and holds all DNA information. only in eukaryotic cells

32
Q

nutrient

A

the substances organisms need for energy/growth/to survive

33
Q

observation

A

a statement or remark based on your 5 senses

34
Q

organ

A

a collection of certain tissue that creates an important art of the body

35
Q

organelle

A

a subcellular structure in the cytoplasm that has specific tasks to perform within the cell

36
Q

organic molecule

A

Molecules that are primarily made of carbon atoms bonded with other elements and/or other carbon atoms. All living things on earth are composed of organic molecules.

37
Q

organism

A

a living thing

38
Q

organ system

A

a group of organs that work together to perform tasks/functions (ex. digestion)

39
Q

photosynthesis

A

the process of how plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into food in the form of glucose and release oxygen

40
Q

plasma membrane

A

Membrane in the cell that separates the inside of the cell from the outside made of embedded proteins.

41
Q

population

A

a particular group of species living and interacting with one another

42
Q

prediction

A

something that you think will happen in the near future with supported data

43
Q

prokaryotic

A

A type of cell in bacteria and archaea that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Genetic material in cytoplasm.

44
Q

question

A

a question worded to ask something they don’t know (to ask something unknown)

45
Q

scientific method

A

A method to make a scientific fact starting by making a hypothesis and experimenting to either accept, or reject the hypothesis, and re testing.

Consists of multiple operations

46
Q

scientific theory

A

explains a certain set of facts or idea about a specific situation or similar situation

47
Q

species

A

a group of similar organisms and individuals who have the ability of reproducing and exchanging genes with one another

48
Q

tissue

A

a group of cells that have a similar structure and function of a unit

49
Q

unicellular

A

consisting of one cell

50
Q

variable

A

an element, feature, or factor that is liable to change

honors biology (2 decks)

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