test 1 Flashcards
transform boundary
plates slide past eachother, earthquakes occur
convergent boundary
plates move towards eachother, trenches can be found here
divergent boundary
plates seperate due to convection currents in the mantle, volcanoes form here
where do you find hydrothermal vents
mid ocean ridges
calcium carbonate, I or C
CaCo3, I
magnesium sulfate, I or C
MgSo4, I
Sodium Chloride
NaCl
explain how the structure of water enables it to form hydrogen bonds
Partially positive hydrogen atom and a partially negative water molecule attract.
discuss plate tetonic theory
earths crust is broken into plates that float on the mantle, convenction currents cause plates to diverge what was once a single continent. Continents have the same rock strata and fossil species, there are paleomagnetic stripes on the seafloor and the continents edges have a jigsaw fit
earths layers from out to in
crust, mantle, core
explain the significance of different salinities of sea water having different densitys
different densities cause ocean currents and circulating heat
state factors that can cause the salinity of sea water to change
precipitation can decrease salinity, run off water will decrease salinity, and upwelling will increase salinity
state how to calculate density
measure mass and volume, divide by volume, units: kg/m^3 and kg/m^-3
outline how hydrothermal vents form
water is underpressure and hot and rich in dissolved nutrients, forming the vent plume. Magma under crust superheats the water above.
relationship between salinity and freezing point
higher the salinity, the lower the freezing point
