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Chemistry Nat 5 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

what is complete combustion and its equation.

A

When a plentiful amount of oxygen is present. CO2+H2O

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2
Q

what is incomplete combustion and its equation.

A

When a limited supply of oxygen is present. CO+C+H2O

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3
Q

write a balanced formula equation for complete combusiton of Propane (C3H8)

A

Diagram.

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4
Q

what is a homologous series

A

a family of compounds with same general formula and different chemical properties

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5
Q

what is a hydrocarbon

A

compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon

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6
Q

write the prefixes, smallest to largest.

A

meth,eth,prop,but,pent,hex,hept,oct

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7
Q

name an Alkane with 4 carbons

A

Butane

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8
Q

name a cycloalkane with 3 carbons

A

cyclopropane

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9
Q

name an alkene with 8 carbons

A

Octene

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10
Q

what is a general formula for

A

to represent the ratio of atoms in a hydrocarbon

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11
Q

what is the general formula for Alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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12
Q

what is the general formula for Alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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13
Q

what is the general formula for Cycloalkanes

A

CnH2n

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14
Q

write the molecular formula for an alkane with 2 carbons

A

C2H6

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15
Q

write the molecular formula for
a cycloalkane with 8 carbons

A

C8H16

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16
Q

write the molecular formula for
a alkene with 6 carbons

A

C6H12

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17
Q

write the molecular formula for methane, propane and hexane

A

CH4, C3H8,C6H14

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18
Q

draw the full structural formula for methane,propane and hexane

A

diagrams

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19
Q

draw the shortened structural formula for methane,propane and hexane

A

CH4, CH3,CH2,CH3, CH3,CH2,CH2,CH2,CH2,CH3

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20
Q

write the molecular formula for cyclopropane,cyclopentane,cycloheptane

A

check jotter

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21
Q

write the full structural formula for cyclopropane, cyclopentane and cycloheptane

A

check jotter

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22
Q

write the short structural formula for cyclopropane, cyclopentane and cycloheptane

A

jotter

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23
Q

write the molecular formula for ethene,butene,hexene

A

jotter

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24
Q

write the full structural formula for ethene,butene,hexene

A

jotter

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25
write the shortened structural formula for ethene, butene, hexene
jotter
26
what is a saturated hydrocarbon
when carbon atoms are bonded with single covalent bonds and each carbon atom is bonded directly to four other atoms
27
what is a unsaturated hydrocarbon
where there is at least one double bond in its carbon chain
28
what is an Isomer
molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
29
draw 2-Methyl butane
jotter
30
draw 2,2 diMethyl butane
jotterr
31
draw 3-Ethyl pentane
jotter
32
draw 4-ethyl -3,5 dimethyl heptane
jotter
33
draw but-2-ene
jotter
34
draw hex-3-ene
jotter
35
draw 4-methyl pent-1-ene
jotter
36
draw 6-methyl hept-2-ene
jotter
37
what is the test for unsaturation
a test using bromine to find out if a hydrocarbon contains a double bond. there is a yellow to colourless change (diagram)
38
what is an addition reaction
when 2 reactants combine to form one product
39
what product is made when you react pentene with hydrogen
pentane
40
name the 4 types of addition reactions
hydrogenation,halogenation,Other,Hydration
41
draw an example of hydrogenation
jotter
42
draw an example of halogenation
jotter
43
draw an example of hydration
jotter
44
draw an example of other
jotter
45
are any of the homologous series soluable?
no
46
what is the pattern for the mp/bp of the homologous series?
as the C+H increase, so does the mp/bp
47
Why does the mp.bp increase along with the amount of carbons ?
as the carbon chain gets longer, there are more electrons in a molecule. This means that there are more stronger intermolecular forces between the molecules. As a result, it takes more energy to break these forces and thus the melting and boiling points increase
48
What are the uses of alkanes?
fuel
49
What are the uses of alkenes
alcohols and polymers
50
What are the uses of cycloalkanes
fuels and solvents
51
draw the structural and molecular formula for methanol
diagram
52
draw the structural and molecular formula for ethanol
diagram
53
draw the structural and molecular formula for propanol
diagram
54
what is the general formula for alcohols
CnH2n+1OH
55
are alcohols saturated or unsaturated?
saturated
56
what is the alcohols group?
hydroxyl
57
draw propan-2-ol
diagram
58
draw 5-methyl heptan -1-ol
diagram
59
what are alcohols used for?
fuels and solvents
60
is alcohol soluable
methanol,ethanol(vinegar) and propanol are miscible in water, after this the solubility decreases as size increases.
61
what is the trend in mp/bp when it comes to alcohols?
as alcohols increase in size their mp/bp also increase due to the increasing strength of the intermolecular forces, these intermolecular forces require more energy to overcome.
62
what is combustion?
a reaction where a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen
63
draw methanoic acid and write molecular formula
diagram
64
draw ethanoic acid and write molecular formula
diagram
65
draw propanoic acid and write molecular formula
diagram
66
are carboxylic acids saturated? if so, why?
yes since there are no carbon to carbon bonds
67
draw 2,4 dimethyl hexanoic acid
diagram
68
draw butanoic acid
diagram
69
what is the general formula for carboxylic acids?
CnH2n+1COOH
70
what is the functional group of carboxylic acids?
carboxyl
71
true or false, COOH is always on carbon 1
true
72
why do we use carboxylic acids?
preserve things,soaps and medicines. Ethanoic acid (vinegar) is edible and used in household cleaning products
73
are carboxylic acids soluable?
methanoic acid, ethanoic acid,propanoic and butanoic acids are soluable, after this, solubility decreases as the size increases
74
what is the trend of the mp/bp when it comes to carboxylic acids?
as the acids increase in size, the mp/bp increases due to strength of intermolecular forces.

Chemistry Nat 5 (2 decks)

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