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(c-51) Structural Steel > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The most common type of rivets used in structural steel framing is…

A

Hot rivets

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2
Q

The most common type of connector for structural steel is…

A

Nuts & Bolts

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3
Q

What connection can withstand the most tensile and shear stresses?

A

(H.S bolts) high strength steel bolts

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4
Q

What does “to cope” mean?

A

To cut and shape one steel piece to fit perfectly against the other, for a tight and flush connection.

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5
Q

What are the four basic types of steel stairs?

A

Straight, L shaped, U shaped and spiral stairs

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6
Q

A steel angle has the dimensions:
L 3-1/2 x 3-1/2 x 1/4
how would they be read?

A

The steel angle with the dimensions “L 3-1/2 x 3-1/2 x 1/4” would be a piece of steel shaped like an “L” with two legs that are both 3-1/2 inches long and a thickness of 1/4 inch.

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7
Q

What are the most important things to consider when using portable air compressors?

A
  1. Check air pressure and flow for tools
  2. Maintain and use safely
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8
Q

What is a sorting yard (steel yard) used for?

A

A sorting yard (steel yard) is used to organize and categorize steel members before they are transported or distributed.

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9
Q

What’s the difference between level and plumb?

A

Level means side to side ⬅️➡️
Plumb means straight up and down ⬆️⬇️

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10
Q

What unit of measurement is used to estimate a steel structure?

A

Ton

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11
Q

What is the best way to lift a long girder?

A

A crane with a spreader beam

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12
Q

According to Caltrans girders and beams that are to be unloaded and storage should be placed in which position?

A

Girders and beams are to be stored horizontally on racks or stands to prevent bending, deformation, and avoid contact with the ground or other surfaces that could cause damage.

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13
Q

According to Caltrains, long steel members, such as columns and chords, that are to be unloaded and stored should be placed….

A

Columns and chords are to be stored horizontally on racks or stands to prevent bending, deformation, and avoid contact with the ground or other surfaces that could cause damage.

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14
Q

What are 4 uses for corrugated sheet metal?

A

Roofing, sidings, decking, and partition

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15
Q

What does the California building codes enforce?

A

California building codes enforce rules for safety construction and maintenance of buildings covering areas like structure, fire safety, accessibility and energy efficiency.

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16
Q

What is the the American Institute of steel construction?

A

An organization that sets standards and provides guidance for the design, fabrication and direction of steel structures in the United States.

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17
Q

What is a fixture member?

A

A fixture member is a component used to connect and support other parts of a structure.

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18
Q

How do you prepare hot rolled or mill finish steel for spray painting?

A

It should be degreased/sandblasted, neglecting, proper surface preparation can lead to paint failure and compromise coating performance.

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19
Q

What is the most efficient way to reduce the heat inside an open space of a room?

A

To use a fan

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20
Q

What does “CRS” on a plan mean?

A

Cold rolled steel

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21
Q

Labor for structural steel work is estimated per…

A

Hour

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22
Q

Number 4 gauge is _________ than number 6 gauge

A

Thicker

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23
Q

The process used to increase particle size of iron ores to make them suitable for steel manufacturing is called…

A

Agglomeration

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24
Q

The process by which a relatively thick layer is added to a surface of a structure (walls and roofs) to improve resistant to corrosion is called…

A

Cladding

refers to adding an outer layer, or covering to the exterior surface of a building or structure for purposes, such as protection, insulation or aesthetics.

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25
Q

The process by which a thin layer of metal is deposited by an electrochemical process is called …

A

Electroplating

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26
Q

One or more rows of structure placed one above another, are called…

A

Tiers

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27
Q

The process by which hardened steel, or Harden cast iron, is heated below, its melting point to decrease hardness and increase toughness is called…

A

Tempering

Note: tempered steel is a good structural component, but can have a weak impact resistance.

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28
Q

How much does a W10×22 beam weigh if it is 20 feet long?

A

Answer: 440lbs

W = wide flange
10 = height of beam (10 inches)
22 = pounds per foot

20x22=440

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29
Q

What type of steel is coded with zinc?

A

Galvanized

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30
Q

Why should a hardened washer be used with high strength steel?

A

To prevent Galling, the steel during tightening.

Galling is a form of surface damage that occurs when two surfaces in sliding or rotating contact experience, excessive friction and adhere together.

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31
Q

What type of steel is designated for rivets?

A

Rivets steel is a low carbon steel that possesses high ductility and good formability, allowing it to be easily formed and shaped during the rivet manufacturing process.

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32
Q

If a code states you can cantilever 24 inches for every 1 inch of beam depth and have a 9 inch beam what is the allowable span?

A

Answer: 18’

9x24=216”
216÷12= 18’

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33
Q

On an erection sheet, which direction should a piece of structural steel face if it is labeled S41?

A

Southside
beam number. 41

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34
Q

The proper sequence for stacking structural steel members is…

A

Stack in order from number and letter.

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35
Q

What does the center line symbol “℄” mean?

A

Centerline symbol on plants show the middle line of an object or feature. It helps with alignment and positioning of other elements.

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36
Q

What is an area of a circle with a diameter of 36 feet?

A

Answer: 1017

Formula: π x radius²

36÷2=18
18²=324
324xπ=1017

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37
Q

What does “CWT” mean?

A

“CWT” stands for “hundredweight,” a unit of measurement equivalent to 100 pounds.

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38
Q

True or false quench and tempered alloy steel is one of the strongest types of structural steel.

A

True

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39
Q

What is a needle beam?

A

A structural beam that extends beyond its supports to create a cantilever section.

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40
Q

How many coats of paint are applied by the fabricating shop?

A

One prime coat.

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41
Q

What is the minimum dry thickness required for a shop for prime coat on steel?

A

1 mil

42
Q

What does 1mil in thickness equal to?

A

0.001

43
Q

What is commonly used as a pre-treatment for steel to improve the bond for the finish coat of paint?

A

Zinc based primer

44
Q

What does TYP mean on a plan?

A

It means typical and indicates that the information applies to similar elements throughout the project.

45
Q

And a unencased steel frame will expand or contract ______ per 100 feet for each 15 Fahrenheit change in temperature.

A

1/8 inch

46
Q

Columns anchored to foundations are exactly plump, only when the Steel is at _________ temperature.

A

Normal

47
Q

What is the correct sequence for tightening bolts?

A

The most common sequences for tightening bolts are known as the opposite side or cross pattern method.

48
Q

Who is responsible for the reuse of bolts on the project ?

A

Engineer

49
Q

According to the building code, if a demolition of a building, higher than 7 1/2 feet is taking place, what sort of protection is required within 6 feet of the building?

A

A fence and canopy

50
Q

According to the building code, if a structure is 8 feet or less in height, is being demolished what will be required 6 feet away from the site?

A

A railing

51
Q

According to building code a canopy to protect pedestrians, during demolition, must have a clear height of _______ above a walkway.

A

8 feet

52
Q

What is a commonly used material for manufacturing, steel columns, and structural members?

A

Structural steel such as ASTM A572, is commonly used in for manufacturing steel columns.

53
Q

What is a gin-pole Derrick?

A

a crane with a vertical mast and horizontal boom used for lifting heavy loads in construction and other industries.

54
Q

How does a gin-pole Derrick differ from a guy Derrick.

A

A gin pole derrick has a vertical mast with an angled pole and relies on guy wires for stability, while a guy derrick has a rigid mast with diagonal braces and uses guy wires for lateral stability. Gin pole derricks have lower load capacity compared to guy derricks

55
Q

Hoisting ropes within ________ of the floor or ground must be guarded.

A

7 feet

56
Q

When two or more ropes are placed over a crane’s hook you should…

A

Use a shackle

57
Q

What is the primary reason for selecting a level ground with sufficient load-bearing capacity for a crane base?

A

To maintain the crane’s stability and prevent accidents

58
Q

What is the best way to communicate with a crane operator?

A

Hand signals

59
Q

What do you use to balance a guy Derrick if it isn’t stable enough.

A

Extra guy lines

60
Q

When is oiling a crane in operation allowed?

A

Never

61
Q

When a building is being designed, and a crane or guy Derrick will have to be used. How is the building modified to accommodate the extra weight of a crane or Derrick?

A

The columns are to be made stronger

62
Q

What is the most economical way to erect a large flat building?

A

To use a mobile stringer crane

63
Q

Standard practice is to use _____ guy wires spaced evenly around a guy Derrick.

A

6

64
Q

The maximum use of a gin-pole Derrick, rig with at least _____ guy wires.

A

4

65
Q

Wire rope on equipment that has been idle for a period of __________ or More should be inspected completely.

A

2 days

66
Q

What is the average weight capacity of normal size cranes used in structural steel construction?

A

Ranges from 40 tons to 120 tons

67
Q

What does the term “Falls” refer to?

A

Ropes for block-and-tackle

68
Q

The most dangerous weather condition for operating a crane is…

A

High winds

69
Q

Tiedowns are generally used for cranes…

A

To hold the crane body in place during shipment.

70
Q

Increasing the counter weight on a crane to lift loads greater than the chart capacities can…

A

Increase structural loads to the point of collapse.

71
Q

Operating a crane with too little counterweight will allow the crane to tip ____________, whereas operating it with too much will allow the crane to tip ___________

A

Forward ….. backward

72
Q

What are three things that are relevant to determining the amount of counterweight
on a crane?

A

Type of crane, length of boom, and type of operation

73
Q

Mobile cranes with booms over 200 feet long, or with a capacity greater than _________, require a load indicating device or its equivalent.

A

50 tons

74
Q

On a crane with a relatively heavy capacity, the boom falls is secured to a _________ fastened to the back end of the crane body frame.

A

Gantry

75
Q

____________on each side of a truck-crane raise the frame high enough so the load is not transmitted to the wheels during a lifting operation.

A

Outriggers

76
Q

On crawler-cranes and truck-cranes, the boom is mounted on the front end of the crane body by the means of…

A

Boom heel pins

77
Q

To gain additional reach or height for light loads, a _______ can be added to the end of the crane’s boom for lifting light loads.

A

Jib

78
Q

When setting up a crawler crane, it is most economical and fastest to…

A

use a second crane to assemble the boom.

79
Q

After a crawler crane has been delivered and it is on the ground, the first step is to…

A

Erect the gantry in the high position.

80
Q

After all parts of the gantry crane have been assembled, the next step is to…

A

Reeve and secure the main-load falls and runner or whip.

81
Q

3 reasons for an inspection and check of a recently delivered crane would be…

A

If it has come from the erector’s tool house, if it has come from a rental vendor, or if it has come directly from the manufacturer

82
Q

A contractor determined that transporting a crawler crane under its own power, would cause no damage to a highway surface. The gantry was lowered to clear overhead wires. The contractor proceeded

A

Correctly

83
Q

A sling attached so that the wire rope, encircling the load is self-tightening is called a…

A

Choker

84
Q

The welding method most commonly use for structural steel work is…

A

Shielded metal arc welding

85
Q

How do you attach steelmetal deck to underlying steel members?

A

Puddle weld

86
Q

What are runoff tabs used for?

A

To provide a sound weld

87
Q

The most versatile, hoisting equipment would be the….

A

Mobile crane

88
Q

For complete combustion during oxyacetylene welding, a ratio of _______ parts oxygen to one part acetylene is required

A

2-1/2

89
Q

In spot (resistance) welding, if the current is doubled, the heat is…

A

Quadrupled

90
Q

What type of electrode is used for spot (resistance) welding?

A

Copper

91
Q

What type of welding processes used by using electricity to create enough heat to melt metal?

A

Arcwelding

92
Q

An oxyacetylene welding what color is the flame?

A

First orange then blue

93
Q

In arc welding, what is the main function of the electrode?

A

To generate enough heat to produce the weld

94
Q

What weld joint has, two curved surfaces side-by-side with longitudinal contact.

A

Flare V joint

95
Q

True or false, does the erection plant tell you the grade of the steel?

A

False

96
Q

Which authority typically issues permits for setting up construction equipment on a site?

A

Local government or municipal authorities

97
Q

The cost of making shop/working drawings for steel structures is usually figured by

A

Number of sheets required for Layout, details, erection diagrams, etc.

98
Q

When there are questions about the structural steel plan, whom should be consulted?

A

Structural engineer

99
Q

When calculating weights for contract purposes, what are 3 things that deductions for material removal does not count for?

A

Copes, drilled holes, and blocks

100
Q

Who is held responsible for keeping anchor bolts aligned when the footing is being poured?

A

General contractor

(c-51) Structural Steel (6 decks)

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