Test 1

Question 1

Apocrine

Answer 1

top part of cell is released into duct

Question 2

Merocrine

Answer 2

secretions are packaged and released via exocytosis

Question 3

Holocrine

Answer 3

entire cell is destroyed in the act of releasing its product

Question 4

What are the functions of epithelial cells (4)

Answer 4

protects, filters substances, absorbs nutrients and manufactures secretions/excretions

Question 5

The serous membrane that lines the outside of the stomach is called:

Answer 5

Visceral peritoneum

Question 6

An example of an endocrine gland is the (2)

Answer 6

Adrenal and Pituitary gland

Question 7

The primary function of leukocytes is:

Answer 7

Fight infection

Question 8

What substances stimulate vasodilation after an injury?

Answer 8

histamine and heparin

Question 9

Which is the extracellular matrix of blood?

Answer 9

Plasma

Question 10

What are functions of connective tissue?

Answer 10

forms protective sheath around organs, reserve of energy and role in healing process

Question 11

This type of loose connective tissue plays an important part in temperature regulation because it is a site of heat production.

Answer 11

brown adipose

Question 12

Which fluid can form between the parietal and visceral layers of serous membranes (3)

Answer 12

1. Effusion
2. Exudate
3. Transudate

Question 13

Serous membranes are described as:

Answer 13

simple squamous epithelium

Question 14

How is a goblet cell described?

Answer 14

unicellular exocrine gland

Question 15

The formation of blood clots is important because (3)

Answer 15

1. blood clots help to prevent hemorrhage
2. blood clots help to isolate the wound from the invasion of pathogens
3. blood clots help to prevent bacteria and toxins from spreading to soft tissue structures

Question 16

Select all the functions of the skin (4)

Answer 16

1. assists in maintenance of body temperature
2. prevents desiccation
   3.synthesizes vitamin D
3. covers and protects

Question 17

These are the central weight-bearing pads of an animal’s foot:

Answer 17

metacarpal and metatarsal pads

Question 18

Approximately 80% of the dermis consists of this tissue:

Answer 18

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 19

In animals with white hair, the medulla becomes filled with:

Answer 19

air

Question 20

This layer consists of a single layer of keratocytes which are firmly attached to the epithelial basement membrane.

Answer 20

stratum basale (germinativum)

Question 21

Which layer of skin provides nutrition to the epidermis?

Answer 21

Dermis

Question 22

When dehorning an animal, this structure must be destroyed on the horn to prevent further growth:

Answer 22

Corium

Question 23

In adult horned animals, the horn is hollow and communicates directly with the:

Answer 23

Frontal sinus

Question 24

The hypodermis consists of this tissue:

Answer 24

areolar tissue

Question 25

Factors that affect the volume of hair shedding include (3)

Answer 25

1.

Question 26

In the cow, pig, and sheep, the lateral dewclaw represents this bone:

Answer 26

5 digit

Question 27

Select all the functions of bone:

Answer 27

1. leverage
2. storage
3. support

Question 28

What produces synovial fluid?

Answer 28

synovial membrane

Question 29

What is the name of the carpus in horses?

Answer 29

Knee

Question 30

In which joints will ligaments be found?

Answer 30

synovial

Question 31

Compact bone consists of tightly compacted cylinders of bone called:

Answer 31

haversian systems

Question 32

What is the name of the largest sesamoid bone in an animal’s body?

Answer 32

patella

Question 33

Which type of bone houses bone marrow?

Answer 33

cancellous

Question 34

The medial and lateral palpable surfaces at the distal end of the humerus are the:

Answer 34

epicondyles

Question 35

Blood vessels pass through countless tiny horizontal channels in bone called:

Answer 35

Volkmann’s canals

Question 36

An animal with 7 cervical, 13 thoracic, and 6 lumbar vertebrae USUALLY has this many pairs of ribs:

Answer 36

13

Question 37

What is the name of the basic contracting unit of skeletal muscle?

Answer 37

sarcomere

Question 38

What movement does contraction of the triceps brachii cause?

Answer 38

extension of the elbow

Question 39

Which of the following is a muscle of the antebrachium?

Answer 39

extensor carpi radialis

Question 40

Incomplete glucose breakdown that occurs during anaerobic metabolism can cause this byproduct.

Answer 40

lactic acid

Question 41

What type of muscle is referred to as voluntary striated muscle?

Answer 41

skeletal muscle

Question 42

What electrolyte is necessary for contraction of myofibrils?

Answer 42

Calcium

Question 43

What type of muscle is called involuntary striated muscle?

Answer 43

Cardiac

Question 44

What structure connects muscles to bones?

Answer 44

Tendons

Question 45

Where would involuntary nonstriated muscle be found in an animal’s body?

Answer 45

the uterine wall

Question 46

What muscle is called nonstriated voluntary muscle?

Answer 46

None

Question 47

In a healthy heart, where does the pace at which cardiac muscle cells contract originate?

Answer 47

right atrium, specifically the sinoatrial node

Question 48

Abdominal muscles are involved in all of the following actions except:

Answer 48

Back extension

Question 49

Which is a muscle of mastication?

Answer 49

masseter

Question 50

Select all the terms that indicate an articular surface of the bone:

Question 51

What neurotransmitter is responsible for initiating at contraction?

Answer 51

acetylcholine

Question 52

What occurs once the neurotransmitter enters the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 52

Muscle depolarization starts

Question 53

Select all the characteristics of muscles:

Answer 53

1.