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biochemestry > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue)

A

-Selective and differential.
-Contains peptone, lactose, sucrose and dyes eosin
- grows gram - organism
-green metallic serves as indicator of lactose and sucrose fermentation typical of fecal coliforms.

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2
Q

PEA (Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar)

A

-isolates staphylococci and streptococci from specimens mixture of bacterial flora
-when prepared with 5% sheep blood used for cultivation of Gram + anaerobes
phenylethyl alcohol interferes with DNA synthesis of Gram - organisms.
- Undefine selective medium.

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3
Q

TSA (trypticase soy agar)

A

-Enriched with yeast extract
-Contains soy beans
-Complex media
-non selective
-grows bacteria and fungi

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4
Q

MSA (Mannitol Salt Agar)

A
  • Selective and differential
  • carbohydrate mannitol, 7.5% NaCl and Ph indicator phenol red yellow b .
    -NaCl makes it selective for Staphylococci
  • differentiation of pathogenic - ferments mannitol which produce acid turns yellow, - nonpathogenic grow but no color change
    -grow poorly no staphylococci
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5
Q

SAB (Sabourad’s dextrose agar)

A

-Selective media, acidic Ph, inhibits most bacteria.
-Preferentially grows fungi

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6
Q

Chemically defined media

A

All ingredient precisely

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7
Q

Complex media

A

Contains a least one ingredient with no precise chemical formula- soy, yeast, blood.

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8
Q

Selective media

A

Inhibits growth of some microbes

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9
Q

Differential media

A

Distinguishes between microbes (by color changes etc.)

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10
Q

Culture

A

composed of one or more kinds of organisms grown under artificial but suitable conditions

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11
Q

Medium

A

Media (plural). Medium material that contains essential resources for growth (carbon source, nitrogen source, sulfur source etc. )

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12
Q

Streak plate (quadrant method)

A

commonly used isolation technique to identify an organism.

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13
Q

agar

A

agar is added to a medium to make it solid

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14
Q

Colony

A

is the visible growth of bacteria that presumably all arose from a single bacterial cell.

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15
Q

broth

A

Does not contain agar, so it is liquid

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16
Q

Inoculation

A

process of introducing or transferring microbes into a culture media so that it reproduces there. Inoculating loop.

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17
Q

autoclave

A

high temp, high pressure machine that sterilizes.

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18
Q

singular of bacteria

A

bacterium

19
Q

TSA slant advantage over TSA deep

A

bacteria have a greater surface area on on which to grow in a test tube.

20
Q

Streak for isolation

A

-check for contaminants
-colony morphology

21
Q

Starch Agar

A

-contains beef extract, soluble starch and agar
-differential media not selective
-tests for organisms that produce amylase which hydrolyzes starch into maltose
- reagent iodine reacts with starch producing a blue or dark brown color.
-therefore a clear halo around the microbial will reveal starch hydrolyzes.

22
Q

Spirit Blue

A
  • to test for production of lipase which hydrolyzes (lipolysis) fats.
    -differential medium
    -prepared as an emulsion with tributyrin oil (simple fats known as triglycerides) and also contains spirit blue dye as a color indicator
    -hydrolyzes triglycerides to glycerol and three long chain of fatty acids.
    -Lipase-positive bacteria hydrolyze the oil and produce clear halos surrounding the microorganism
23
Q

Gelatin Test.

A

-Test tube composed of gelatin (derived from protein), peptone and beef extract.
-Differential medium
-When the tube is stab-inoculated with a gelatinase positive organism it will liquefy the medium (will become liquid)

24
Q

Direct Stain

A
  • it colors the bacteria cells, as they are colorless
    -used for morphology and arrangement of bacterial cells
    -one drop of water if inoculating from agar, let it air dry, heat fix it (kills bacteria and gets them to stick, so they don’t wash off during staining.
  • Methylene Blue (or other direct stain) added for 60 sec, then wash with water and let dry.
    -oil immersion lens is necessary for viewing bacteria
25
Q

Negative Stain

A

-used for morphology and arrangement of bacterial cells
-one drop of nigrosine on one end of slide, mix with microorganism then spread with another slide, allow to dry.
-not heat fixed since it can distort cell size and shape
-better view of bacteria than direct staining.

26
Q

Are bacterial cells positively or negatively charged

A

negative charged

27
Q

What charge should the chromophore (colored part of a stain have) in a direct stain?

A

positive charged

28
Q

What charge should the chromophore in a negative stain?

A

donate H in water so they become negative charged

29
Q

Are negative stains acidic or basic or neutral?

A

acidic (-)

30
Q

Colony morphology

A
31
Q

Are direct stains acidic or basic

A

basic (+)

32
Q

why is oil immersion lens the best lens to use when viewing bacteria?

A

to reduce scattering of light and increase resolution.

33
Q

bacterial shapes and arrangement

A
34
Q

Algae

A
35
Q

Fungi

A
36
Q

Protozoa

A
37
Q

Bacteria

A
38
Q

brightfield microscope

A
39
Q

Aspergillus and Penicillium

A
40
Q

Aspergillus and Penicillium

A
41
Q

Rhizopus

A
42
Q

vibrio, spirillum, spirochete (flagella wrapped around)

A
43
Q

birghtfield microscope actions

A
44
Q

brightfield microscope vocab

A

biochemestry (5 decks)

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