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Ap2 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Second order postganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located in

A

Autonomic ganglia

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2
Q

Postganglionic axons of autonomic neurons are usually

A

Unmyelinated

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3
Q

The division of the owner of gnomic nervous system that maintains homeostasis during rest and conditions is the what division

A

Parasympathetic

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4
Q

Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the

A

Lateral grey horns of segments T1 two L2 of the spinal cord

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5
Q

Groups of second order sympathetic neurons lying a long either side of the spinal cord are called what ganglia

A

Chain

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6
Q

Groups of second order neurons that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic region are called what ganglia

A

Collateral

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7
Q

Specialized second order neurons of the sympathetic nervous system that release neurotransmitters into the bloodstream are located in the what

A

Adrenal glands

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8
Q

Preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic nervous system that carry motor impulses to target in the body wall or thoracic cavity synapses in a what

A

Chain ganglion

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9
Q

Nerves that innervate organs in the ventral body cavities are the what nerves

A

Autonomic

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10
Q

Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers except what

A

Decrease heart rate

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11
Q

The celiac ganglion innervates the what

A

The stomach liver and pancreas

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12
Q

Sympathetic innervation of the urinary bladder and six organs is by way of what

A

Inferior mesenteric ganglion

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13
Q

How many sympathetic collateral ganglia are located in the abdominal cavity

A

Three

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14
Q

Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons can be found in all the following cranial nerves except

A

Cranial nerve twelve

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15
Q

About 75% of all parasympathetic outflow travels along the what

A

Vagus nerve

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16
Q

Postganglionic neurons in the adrenal gland do what

A

They released seven different into blood capillaries

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17
Q

Neurons of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system release the Nerotransmitter what at their effectors

A

Norepinephrine

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18
Q

Normal control of the diameter of the respiratory passages depends upon what

A

Both parasympathetic and sympathetic levels of stimulation

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19
Q

A decrease in the autonomic tone of the smooth muscle and blood vessels would result in what

A

In an increase in vessel diameter

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20
Q

The brain waves produced by normal adults while resting that with her eyes closed are what waves

A

Alpha

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21
Q

The brain waves that are characteristic of children and frustrated adults are what waves

A

Theta

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22
Q

The brain waves that are characteristics of a newborn infant or what waves

A

Delta

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23
Q

Olfactory glands

A

Produce a pigmented mucus that covers the olfactory epithelium

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24
Q

The mucus that covers the olfactory epithelium does all the following except that it

A

Dissolves in water chemicals and removed him from the area

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25
Q

Olfaction occurs when

A

A molecule bond to the surface of an olfactory cilium

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26
Q

The only non-example of neuronal replacement in the adult human involves the

A

Olfactory receptors

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27
Q

Gustatory receptors are located where

A

All the surface of the tongue

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28
Q

There are how many primary taste sensations

A

Four

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29
Q

The largest number of taste buds in an adult are associated with what

A

Circumvallate papillae

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30
Q

All of the following are true of the fibrous tunic of the art except that it does what

A

Produces vitreous but not a aqueous humor

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31
Q

All of the following are true of the vascular Tunica the eye except that it

A

Contains pain receptors

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32
Q

The palpebrae

A

Cover and protect the eye

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33
Q

A Chalazion is what

A

A cyst that results from the infection of a meibomian gland

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34
Q

The lining of the visible outer surface of the eye is the what

A

Call junk TV

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35
Q

The transparent portion of the eye is the what

A

Cornea

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36
Q

The pigmented portion of the eye is the what

A

Iris

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37
Q

The central opening in the other light passes through is the what

A

Pupil

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38
Q

The space between the IRiS and their cornea is the world

A

Anterior chamber

39
Q

The space between the suspensory ligament in the iris is the what

A

Posterior chamber

40
Q

The passageway that drains aqueous humor back into the vines serving the a is the what

A

Canal of Sschlemm

41
Q

The neural tunic

A

Contains the photo receptor cells

42
Q

The lens focuses law all the photo receptor cells by what

A

Changing shape

43
Q

The shape of the lens is controlled by the what

A

Cillary muscles

44
Q

The celery muscles helps to do what

A

Control the shape of the lens

45
Q

There are three different types of cones H one sensitive to a different range of photons these cones are designated

A

Red blue and green

46
Q

An area of the rat know that contains only cones and is the site of the sharpest vision is the what

A

Fovea

47
Q

When all three come populations are stimulated we see what

A

White

48
Q

Opinion and molecule synthesized from vitamin a is what

A

Retinol

49
Q

The cartilagineus structure that surrounds the external auditory meatus to the what

A

Pinna 

50
Q

The external auditory canal ends at the what

A

The tympanic membrane

51
Q

The ossicles connect the what

A

Tim panic membrane to the oval window

52
Q

The vibrations received by the ear are amplified by the action of what

A

Auditory ossicles

53
Q

A structure that allows the middle ear to communicate with the nasopharynx is the what

A

Pharyngeallympanic tube 

54
Q

The senses of equilibrium and hearing are provided by receptors of the what

A

Inner ear

55
Q

The structure that overlies the organ of the corti is the what

A

Techtorial membrane

56
Q

The structure that separates the cochlear duct from the tympanic that is the what

A

Basilar membrane

57
Q

Sensations of gravity in linear acceleration are registered in the what

A

Saccule and utricle

58
Q

The sensory receptors of the semicircular canal was are located in the what

A

Ampullae

59
Q

The hair cells of the utricle and saccule are clustered in what

A

Maculae 

60
Q

Sound waves are converted into mechanical movements by the what

A

Tympanic membrane

61
Q

All the following are true of the nervous system except that it does what

A

Functions independent of the endocrine system

62
Q

Endocrine cells

A

Release their secretions directly into body fluids

63
Q

The most complex endocrine response involve the what

A

The hypothalamus

64
Q

Coordinating centers in the hypothalamus regulate the activities of the nervous and endocrine system by all the following except

A

And modified positive feedback loop involving the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland

65
Q

The hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary by way of what

A

Releasing and inhibiting hormones

66
Q

Neurons of the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus manufacture what

A

ADH

67
Q

Neurons of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus manufacture what

A

GH

68
Q

The posterior pituitary gland secretes what

A

ADH

69
Q

The hormone oxytocin

A

Promotes uterine contractions

70
Q

Growth hormone does all the following except that it

A

Promotes neuron growth and development

71
Q

Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called what

A

Somatomedins

72
Q

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is what

A

TSH

73
Q

The pituitary hormone that controls the release of Glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is what

A

ACTH

74
Q

The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development and ovaries and Sperm development in testes is what

A

FSH

75
Q

The pituitary hormone that promotes a variance of creation of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone

A

LH

76
Q

Cemetery hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammory glands is the what

A

Prolactin

77
Q

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication accelerating protein synthesis is what

A

Somatotropin

78
Q

The territory hormone that stimulates melanocytes to produce melanin is what

A

MSH

79
Q

Thyroid hormone contained the mineral what

A

Iodine

80
Q

The hormone that plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of body temperature is what

A

Thyroxine

81
Q

A horrible that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is what

A

Calcitonin

82
Q

The C cells of the thyroid gland produce what

A

Calcitonin

83
Q

Increase levels of what hormone will lead to increased levels of calcium ions in the blood

A

 Parathormone

84
Q

The hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is what

A

Parathyroid hormone

85
Q

The cells of the parathyroid glands produce a hormone that what

A

Increase the level of calcium ions in the blood

86
Q

The reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces what

A

Androgens

87
Q

The Zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex produces what

A

Glucocorticoids 

88
Q

The zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex produces what

A

Mineralocorticoids

89
Q

The adrenal medulla produces what

A

Catecholamines 

90
Q

A hormone that promotes the conversion of lipids to glucose in the formation of glycogen in the liver is what

A

Cortisol

91
Q

The hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion concentration of the blood is what

A

Aldosterone

92
Q

The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is what

A

Insulin

93
Q

What contains the brain and spinal cord

A

Central nervous system

94
Q

What has two other systems in their system the afferent and the efferent in it

A

Peripheral nervous system

Ap2 (2 decks)

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