Test #1 Flashcards
With car vs ped, where do adults mostly go? and where do the pediatrics mostly go?
Adults- up and over the vehicle
Pediatrics- under
How many phase of injury are there?
- Pre-incident: reducing the injury through prevention (education)
- Incident: Something happened
- Post Incident: The response to the incident, to help save the life.
What are some key differences about trauma centers?
Level 1- has full range of specialist and equipment available.
Level 2- works in collaboration with level 1 centers, provide essential care, but specialist are not all in house.
Level 3- Able to stabilize and preform most emergent surgery, but most specialist are on-call
Level 1-3 all have pre-incident education.
Level 4/5- All care must get shipped out to a higher level.
How many pt do level 1 hospitals must treat to keep their status?
240
What is Kinematics?
It is the process of predicting the injury patterns. (the transfer of energy from an external source to the human body)
What is Newtons first law?
Object in motion (or not in motion) remains unless acted on by an outside force.
What is conservation of energy law?
energy can not be created or destroyed, it can only change form.
(energy can take on mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and nuclear forms.)
what is newtons second law?
Mass x Acceleration (deceleration) = Force
What is Kinetic Energy?
The energy an object posses just by being in motion.
KE=1/2M x V^2
What is the Ligamentum Arteriosum?
The ligament that attatches the aorta to the heart. This can shear in an event where the object stops moving (car) and the heart and aorta continue to move.
What is a pulmonary contusion?
Bruise to the lung.
S/S: Hemoptysis, crackles, decreased pulse ox, decrease capno
What is a tension pneumothorax?
Air leaks in between the lung and chest wall and collapses the lung.
S/S: unilateral diminished lung sounds, JVD (later finding), hypertension, capno down.
What is a hemothorax?
when blood builds up between the lung and chest wall, causing it to collapse.
S/S: unilateral diminished lung sounds, NO JVD, will have hypertension (there is a bleed), and capno is down.
What is a Ruptured Diaphragm?
Puncture or tear in the diaphragm.
S/S: SOB, bowel sounds in the lungs
What is a flail chest?
Fx or break of a rib.
S/S: paradoxical movement, crepitus
what plays a bigger role in Kinetic Energy? Speed or Mass?
Speed
What are the two main things seen with blunt trauma?
Shear (organ or structure moves faster or slower in relation to other object)
Compression (force applied directly to an organ, affected by time, force, and area of compression)
how will “air filled” organs transfer energy?
(Lungs or Intestines) energy moves relatively few particles.
How will “solid or water filled” organs absorb energy?
(Liver, Spleen, Muscle, Vascular Sys.) energy moves a greater proportion
How will “non flexible” material in the body transfer the energy?
Inflexible (Bones) if sustaining impact, will set thick particles in motion
What are 3 phases of motor vehicle collision?
1) vehicle hits object
2) body hits the vehicle
3) organs collide in the body
With front end collision, what are some of the injuries you can expect?
1) down and under: fx femur, dislocated knee, torn ligaments, fx tib/fib.
2) Up and over: head colliding with windshield (spidering), neck injuries, thoracic injury from impact with steering wheel, abdomninal
What is Grey Turner sign?
bruising on the flank
what is a common injury associated with deceleration injuries?
Head (brain contusions, lacs, crush)
** severed aorta at the ligaments arteriosum, causing widespread exsanguination)