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Art History > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Early Renaissance

A

1400-1500
Focus on humanism and classical inspiration
Big focus on christianism and the shift from religion to sciences

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2
Q

David

A

Donatello,1430-1440
The biblical story of David and Goliath
Lorals symbol of victory
Very feminine

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3
Q

The Birth of Venus

A

Botticeli 1480
Venus Godess of beauty
Story of innocence and truth
she will be covered by the robe of reason

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4
Q

High Renaissance

A 
1500-1550 
Typical work:
The creation of Adam Michaelangelo
The school of Athens 
Raphael
Mona lisa 
Da Vinci
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5
Q

David (2)

A 
Michaelangelo 1501-1504
More mature/ more masculin
looking back on greek statues
ideal male body
can see his intellect
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6
Q

Sleeping Venus

A

Giorgione, 1509
idea of gaze
we are looking at her
she is comfortable and peacefull

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7
Q

Venus of Urbino

A 
Titian, 1538
Colors in this work are vibrant
wealth environment: jewlery, hair, maids
Dog could symbolize wealth/ loyalty/ erotism
Gaze: she is looking at us
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8
Q

Baroque

A

17th century
interest in drama, action, violence
asymmetrical composition
Very emotional and unrestrained

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9
Q

David (3)

A

Bernini, 1623
clothes
Very dynamic pose, twisting, expressive face
Self portrait of Bernini

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10
Q

Calling of Saint Matthew

A

Caravaggio, 1599-1600
Very good example of chiaroscuro
Story about Jesus coming down to call on the man pointing at himself

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11
Q

Judith Slaying Holofernes

A

Gentileschi, 1614-1620
One of the first women artist to get recognition
Holofernes is sent to take over the land of Judas. Judith flirts with Holofernes gets him drunk and kills him.

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12
Q

Rococo

A

1700-1775
Louis the XIV dies in 1775 which leaves room for different types of art
Period of enlightenment, knowledge, science, method
All about having fun
opposite of Baroque
Frivolity, aristocracy, leisure, fun

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13
Q

Pilgrimage to Cythera

A

Watteau, 1711

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14
Q

The swing

A

Fragonard, 1766
The guy on the bottom is hiding, looking under her dress and she is lifting her leg flinging her shoe
She is flirting with him.

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15
Q

Neoclassicism

A 
1765-1830
reaction against the frivolity of Rococo
Main style in France associated with the French Revolution (1789-1799)
About loyalty
Political ideas:
-Heroism
-Formal clarity
-Stability
-Looking back on democracy in ancient Greece
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16
Q

Oath of the Horatii

A

David, 1784-17845
Formal clarity- Very mathematical
About Patriotism, Honor, Sacrifice
Father in the middle with his 3 sons pleading allegiance
in the back, the women show a lot of emotion

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17
Q

Romanticism

A

1790-1850
Emotional expression, contemporary issues (Nostalgia for the past)
interest in dreams, nightmares, state of mind, insanity

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18
Q

Raft of the “Medusa”

A

Géricault, 1819
About disaster
The captain and officers saved themselves after a shipwreck and all the passengers were stuck on a raft for 13 days, only 15 survived.
Géricaul talked to survivors, studied bodies in the morgue
shows raw emotion, can feel the tragedy

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19
Q

Liberty leading the People

A

Delacroix, 1830
Uprising against the King
All the rebels were fighting for liberty
people from different social classes are fighting together.
Liberty the female figure represents greek democracy and roman republic
Symbole of liberty and success

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20
Q

Academic painting

A 
17th-19th century
Style taught in art schools
"true to life" realism
polished surfaces
history paintings
classical and mythological scenes
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21
Q

King Charles X presents prizes to artists at the Paris Salon of 1824

A

Heim, 1826
The french salon
Artists from the l’Academie des Beaux Arts would present their work

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22
Q

Realism

A

1840- late 19th century
Industrial revolution, 1760-1840
Associated with social awareness
Moving away from the emotional exaggeration of Romanticism.
interests in observation of nature/ people and political/ social satire
Anti-academic
3 main artists: Daumier, Millet, Courbet

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23
Q

Gargantua

A

Daumier, 1831
Poor people giving their money to the king
King shitting laws and political papers
Parliament and high functionaries on the left.
workers and industrial area on the right.
King Louis-Philippe
Daumier went to jail because of this

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24
Q

Third Class Carriage

A 
Daumier, 1862
warm colours
busy
weight
slouching
more people, less personal space
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25
Q

interior of a First Class Carriage

A

Daumier, 1864
cooler tones
unbothered, relaxed
good posture

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26
Q

Gleaners

A

Millet, 1857
Moving from crisp brush strokes to softer ones
working the land
not ugly at first glace

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27
Q

Interior of my studio

A

Courbet 1848-1855
Courbet is painting in the middle he is watched with admiration by a little boy and a nude woman (his muse)
Divided on two
on the right: Courbet’s friends, artists and writers (people who depend on their talent)
30 figures total

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28
Q

The Stone Breakers

A 
Courbet 1849
Very sharp/ harsh outlines
torn clothes
more about the labour compared to Millet
Older man and younger boy
Can't see their face so its not about individuality
not heroic
critics found this too crude.
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29
Q

A Burial at Ornans

A

Courbet 1849-1850
Courbet’s great uncle’s burial
was accepted by The Salon but was very controversial
Used people at the funeral as models instead of professionals
Not theatrical like in Romanticism
“The Burial at Ornan is actually the burial of Romanticism” - Courbet

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30
Q

Le Déjeuner sur l’Herbe

A

Manet, 1863
Bridging realism and impressionism
interested in the freedom realism brings to painting
casual setting, taking place in Bois de Boulogne
Manet is known for prostitutes and ilisite activities. Figures are identifiable, his brother, brother-in-law and Victorine, Manet’s main model)
Not idealized
Visible brush strokes, some areas look unfinished

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31
Q

Salon des Refusés

A

founded in 1863
Art exhibition help by command of Napoleon III
pieces were ridiculed but people were curious

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32
Q

Olympia

A 
Manet 1865
Model is Victorine
She is not pretending to be Venus
Olympia was a name known in prostitution
Choker and shoes represent prostitution-- walking the streets
Cat symbolizes sexuality
Nude is accepted but naked is not
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33
Q

A Bar at the Folie-Bergère

A

Manet 1881-1882
Standing in front of a mirror( the mirror is behind her)
Most popular venue in Paris for entertainment
Real woman her name is Suzon

34
Q

19th-century Photography

A

In 1880 the Kodac camera made photography accessible
First tool for making images available to everyone.
Big controversy over photography as a document vs art

35
Q

Pictorialism

A

Late 19th and early 20th century
international style and aesthetic movement that dominated photography
promoted photography as a fine art
Creating an emotional impact

36
Q

Photo-Secession

A

Pictorialist group in the US that Gertrude Kasebier was a part of.

37
Q

Yoked and muzzled - Marriage

A

Kasebier 1915

38
Q

Pre-Raphaelite

A 
1850-1860
medieval subjects
stylized female archetype
contorted/ twisting bodies
highly decorative setting
close attention to detail
painting outside to be true to nature
39
Q

Ophelia

A

Millais, 1852

40
Q

The Lady of Shalott

A

Waterhouse 1888
Based on a poem written by Tennyson
About this cursed lady that can’t look outside directly. But one day she looks outside to look at Lancelot
So before she dies she goes on the boat
3 candles- holy trinity/ death

41
Q

Impressionism

A

1860- late 18th century
Away from politics focus on genre paintings (leisure, landscape)
inspiration from photography
interest in light and how it changes
interest in society(café culture, flaneur, the home)

42
Q

Moulin de la Galette

A 
Renoir, 1876
glimpse of a leisure activity
Some people are identifiable
focus on light/ shadows
visible brush strokes
43
Q

Dancing Lessons

A

Degas, 1883-1885
He focused a lot on dance, especially ballet
Seems spontaneous but is actually super posed

44
Q

Rouen Cathedral

A

Monet, 1894
Most influential painter in Impressionism
Plein-air paintings
effect of light was very important to him

45
Q

Place du Théâtre Français

A

Pissarro, 1898
Very dynamic
influence of photography showed by the half horse on the bottom
bird’s eye view: different perspective

46
Q

The cradle

A

Morisot, 1872
A lot of colours within the white
Very thought out composition

47
Q

Reading

A

Morisot 1873

reading shows intelligence

48
Q

The Dining Room

A

Morisot, 1875

Very dynamic, sketchy

49
Q

At the Opera

A

Cassatt, 1879
Form Pennsylvania but moved to Paris to pursue art
Decided not to marry
early feminist

50
Q

Le Figaro

A

Cassatt

51
Q

The Boating Party

A

Cassatt, 1893-1894
interesting division of colour
very high horizon line
Focus on the woman and her child even though the man is closer and bigger

52
Q

Japonism

A

An interest in Japanese art and culture that came about in Europe in the 19th century composition is not necessarily symmetrical

53
Q

Ukio-e

A 
1603-1867
Japanese art mouvement 
means pictures of the floating world
Soft calligraphic line drawing
flat area of colour
54
Q

Portrait of a Courtesan

A

Utamaro, late 1700
The Black spot
typical subject matter

55
Q

Art Nouveau

A

1890-1910
international decorative style
encompasses all design arts and product design
organic plantlike line - elegant/graceful
inspired by the female form
total work of art- everything can be art nouveau

56
Q

Cherettes

A

new female archetype
joie de vivre
hourglass figure
pre-raphaelite type of hair

57
Q

La loie Fuller

A 
Chéret, 1893
Father of the modern poster
focus on the female figure
Woman is an American Actrice and modern dancer
Involved in burlesque and vaudeville
58
Q

La Goulue au Moulin Rouge

A

Toulouse-Lautrec, 1891
Working along the same lines as Chéret
Born in the aristocracy, was a lot into the nightlife
Had a successful painting career so when he shifted to posters it gave more credibility to the movement
La Goulue is the dancer

59
Q

La Bière de la Meuse

A

Mucha, 1897
Very representative of the style
Period in France where you could say Art Nouveau or le style Mucha
Ad for a beer- can see the natural ingredients in the back
At the bottom, we can see the brewery

60
Q

Post-Impressionism

A

Late 19th century
2 main trends: formal and emotional
interests in bright colours and clear brushstrokes

61
Q

Still Life with Apple

A 
Cézanne, 1875-1877
Apple-- Adam and Eve
Structured abstraction
can see the process of pilling colours
Cézanne knew that it wasn't accepted
The natural world can be broken down into spheres, cones, cylinders
62
Q

Great Bathers

A

Cézanne, 1898-1905
Less defined, less perfect- made that choice to move away from academic painting
Pyramid like organization of space

63
Q

Sunday Afternoon at La Grande Jatte

A

Same subject matter as the Impressionists
invented Pointillism: forming images with dots of colours
Colour theory coming out
sense of vibration because of the dots

64
Q

Starry Night

A

Van Gogh, 1889
A mix of a small Dutch village and the French lands shows his internal struggles
a lot of movement

65
Q

Self-portrait

A

Van Gogh, 1889
The swirls are in everything
Shows how he is feeling
Every detail is important

66
Q

Self-portrait with a Halo

A

Gaugin, 1889
Started painting later in life
Was upper middle class

67
Q

Nevermore

A 
Gaugin, 1897
She looks very sad
based on Edgar Allen Poe, the Raven
Story about this woman waiting for death
2 people in the back one with a skull-like face
raven in the back-- a sign of death
68
Q

Symbolism

A

1885-1910
Explore imagination, internal feelings, the irrationality of the mind, dreaming, psychoanalysis
Often disturbed images, poetic renditions, emotional
Started in Belgium as a literary movement

69
Q

The scream

A 
Munch 1893,
Strong link to Van Gogh 
Very distinct, vibrant colours
Comes down to the figure
Suffered from mental health issues
Explored different states of mind
uses colour
feeling of loss of self, anguish - typical subject matter
70
Q

Fauvism

A

1905-1908

Bright colours, vivid, shapes

71
Q

Notre-Dame in Late Afternoon

A

Matisse, 1902
Main Artist
Not very detailed, flat colour

72
Q

Madame Matisse

A

Matisse, 1905
Colour as building blocks
Not just about the person but how the colours represent her
uses colour more than defined lines to show her features
Moving towards non-representative, what matters is the expression
“Fauvism is not everything but it is the beginning of everything” - Matisse

73
Q

Harmony in Red

A 
Matisse, 1908-1909
Influence by abstraction but still a figurative work
Very flat, 2 dimensional
Ideas of using colour in a more free way
creating a mood with colour
74
Q

Expressionism

A

1905-1920
German artists are not interested in objective reality, but rather subjective emotions and responses
also interested in emotional qualities of colour to create different moods
uses distortion exaggeration, harshness
Dates overlap with world war 1

75
Q

“Charge” from The Peasant War

A

Kollwitz, 1902
Peasant charging to change their situation
Start of a Revolution
Kollwitz portrayed herself as the woman giving the signal

76
Q

Die Brucker, The Bridge

A

1905-1913
Falls under expressionism
German Art Students
Interested in creating a bridge between traditional art and new, modern art

77
Q

The Street

A 
Kirchner, 1907
a lot of colours
Very awkward, unsettling
About the anxieties of the time
dreamlike qualities
Almost as if they are wearing masks
78
Q

Der Blaue Reier, “The Blue Rider”

A

1911-1914
Name is linked to the book of revelation and the 4 horsemen
More interested in non-figurative abstraction

79
Q

Panel for Edwin R. Campbell No. 4

A 
Kandinsky, 1914
Russian artist
Interested in Mystical art style
Using rhythmic lines, colour, shapes 
about abstraction and music
For him, music and art are closely linked
80
Q

Large Blue Horses

A

Marc, 1911
Believed in colour having an emotional impact
colour could be independent from the object.
Colour is not linked with the subject matter but with the feeling associated with the subject matter.

Art History (2 decks)

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