Terror Flashcards
Quote: Terror
“It was the threat of the force which kept most of the population in check”
What did people have to feel towards the Nazi state and what was true about the Terror State?
People had to be enthusiastic about the Nazi state otherwise there would have been consequences. People wanted to support the Nazis due to the policies and regulation, but underlying everything was the terror stater.
What theory was formed as a result of this terror state?
The seduction vs coercion theory
SA:
During the period of Gleichschaltung, what did SA do?
They smashed windows and beat up opponents. 150,000 people had been picked up off the street and put into protective custody
SA:
Before 1933, what were victims of SA violence frightened of?
They were frightened to use the courts as they feared SA reprisals
SA:
Between 1919 and 1923, what was true?
There were 254 murders by the extreme right between 1919 and 1923 and only 24 were sentenced to an average sentence of 4 months. HOWEVER, there were 22 political murders by extreme left and 10 were hanged and 38 were sentenced to 15 years
CONCENTRATION CAMPS:
Who were they run by?
The SA
CONCENTRATION CAMPS:
What are the names of the first ever political prisons in Nazi Germany?
Dachau and Orienburg
CONCENTRATION CAMPS:
What did the concentration camps make the terror state?
They made the terror state more prominent
SS:
When was it created and how many members initially? What percentage were upperclass?
1925
Had 250 members at the start; 12% of which were upper class
SS:
Aim
Root out enemies of the state and develop a new Nazi community
SS:
By 1933 what was the number of members?
52000
SD:
When was it formed, and by who?
Formed in March 1934 by Himmler
SD:
What did Himmler say the SD would do?
“the SD will discover the enemies of the socialist concept”
Gestapo:
Who were they, who organised it and what did they do?
They were the secret state police of Nazi Germany created by Goering in 1933. They ruthlessly eliminated opposition
Gestapo:
What were they responsible for the roundup of?
The roundup of Jews through Germany as well as the rest of Europe
Gestapo:
What do traditional historians believe?
That Gestapo were everywhere and no-one could be trusted
Gestapo:
What do revisionist historians believe?
That Gestapo is a myth, the work of the organisation was much weaker and power actually lay in the hands of popular consent
Heinrich Himmler:
When was he appointed head of the SS and when did he create the SD?
In 1929 he was made head of SS
In March 1934 he created SD
Heinrich Himmler:
Who was he known as the architect of and what did he use to enrich himself?
Architect of Nazi genocide and he used his impregnable position to enrich himself
Heinrich Himmler:
What did he help organise?
The Night of Long Knives
Hermann Goering:
What was he the primary architect of?
Primary architect of the Nazi Police State
Hermann Goering:
It was him who led to what of the Jews?
It was Goering who led to the economic despoliation of the Jews in Germany
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
Who was Roland Freisler?
He was the most senior and infamous judge and Hitler’s people’s court
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
What did Freisler gain a reputation for?
He gained a rep for humiliating those on trial
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
When did Roland join the Nazi Party?
July 1925
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
When Roland Freisler was judge, what is an important date of which law?
Jan 20th 1942 where final solution of the jews was discussed
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
What is the people’s court otherwise known as and when was it formed?
The Volksgerichtschof, formed in 1934
Roland Freisler and the People’s Court:
What did the People’s Court do?
Committed judicial murders
