Terms to use for IOC: poetry Flashcards
Metonymy
the substitution of a word which relates to the object or person to be named in place of the name itself
(not part of the whole)
(the SERPENT lied to me)
Blank verse
unrhymed lines of iambic pentameter
ex: Mending Wall
hyperbole
an exaggeration/overstatement for effect
symbolism
the use of one object to suggest another, hidden object/idea
Sonnet
a rigid 14-line verse form, with variable structure/rhyme scheme, according to type:
Euphemism
expressing an unpleasant or unsavory idea in a less blunt and more pleasant way
persona
the character/speaker in a first-person poem
enjambement
a run-on line, continuing into the next without a grammatical break
(no comma at the end of a line)
simile
a figure of speech which makes a direct comparison of two unlike objects, using the works like or as
Septet
stanza with 7 lines
End Stopping
a verse line with a pause or a stop at the end of it
oxymoron
contradictory terms used together to expressed a paradox for strong effect
Spenserian sonnet
abab bcbc cdcd ee (LINKING rhyme scheme)
similar to Shakespearean
Synecdoche
a part of something represents the whole object/idea (unlike metonymy)
(the TONGUE lied to me)
imagery
the use of words to represent things/actions/ideas by sensory description
Ambivalence
indicates more than one possible attitude is being displayed by the writer towards a character, theme, or idea, etc
Conceit
an extended metaphor, used to create a powerful effect
Diction
the choice of words that a writer makes
Cinquain
stanza with 5 lines
Sestet
stanza with 6 lines
Couplet
stanza with 2 lines
Pentameter
Line with 5 feet
x-lined stanza
stanza with 9 (or more) lines
terza rima
a poem that uses three-lined stanzas and chain rhyme (aba, bcb, cdc, etc)
an Italian form of writing
vers libre
another word for free verse
Assonance
repetition of two or more vowel sounds in a line
Rhyme
repetition of like sounds at regular intervals
Theme
the central idea or ideas that the writer explores through a text
Tercet
stanza with 3 lines
Tetrameter
Line with 4 feet
Trochaic
STRESSED-unstressed (2 syllables = 1 foot)
Consonance
repetition of two or more consonant sounds within a line
Connotation
an implication or association attached to a word or phrase
Free Verse
unrhymed lines without regular rhythm
ex: Plath
Spondaic
STRESSED-STRESSED (2 syllables = 1 foot)
Monometer
Line with one foot
Anapestic
unstressed-unstressed-STRESSED (3 syllables = 1 foot)
Iambic
unstressed-STRESSED (2 syllables = 1 foot)
Feminine rhyme
rhyme in which 2 consecutive syllables of rhyming words correspond, the 1st syllable carrying the accent; double rhyme
(ex: dying and flying)
tone
a literary technique created through the combined effects of a number of features, such as diction, syntax, rhythm, etc
Internal rhyme
rhyme contained with a line of verse (2 rhyming words in one line)
Narrative
nondramatic, objective verse with regular rhyme scheme and meter which relates a story
Quatrain
stanza with 4 lines
Dramatic monologue
a lyric poem in which the speaker tells a story about themself, revealing their character
Meter
rhythm in poetry
the pattern of stressed/unstressed syllables
measured in unites of feet
Ambiguity
use of language where the meaning is unclear or has two or more possible interpretations or meanings
parallelism
the balance in one or more sentences that are grammatically identical
(ex: the -ing, -ing, -ing)
apostrophe
an address to a person or personified object not present (or dead)
(Oh sun, please shine on my flowers)
allusion
a reference to an outside fact, event or another source
Dactyllic
STRESSED-unstressed-unstressed (3 syllables = 1 foot)
personification
giving objects/animals human qualities
Scansion
the analysis of a poem to determine meter (basically slashing, checking syllables and then counting)
Shakespearean/English sonnet
abab cdcd efef gg (or abba…) rhyme scheme and iambic pentameter
rhyme sheme is 3 quatrains and concluding couplet
Octet (octave)
stanza with 8 lines
Pun
a play on words that have similar sounds but quite different meanings
jargon
use of specific phrases in a particular situation/profession for conveying hidden meanings understood in that situation/profession
metaphor
a figure of speech which makes a direct comparison of unlike objects using identification or substitution
Onomatopoeia
use of a word whose sound suggests its meaning
End rhyme
rhyme occurring at the end of verse lines; most common
Masculine rhyme
rhyme in which only the last, accented syllable of the rhyming words correspond exactly in sound
most common end rhyme
(ex: eyes and denies)
Alliteration
repetition of two or more initial sounds (usually consonants) of words in a line
Atmosphere
the prevailing mood created by a piece of writing
Lyric
subjective, reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter which reveals the poet’s thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression
Style
the individual way in which a writer has used language to express his or her ideas
Elegy
a poem of lament, mediating about death of an individual
Rhyme scheme
The pattern of rhymes, represented by a letter (abab)
Stanzas
a group of lines
Dactyl
another word for foot in a poetic meter
