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Oral Anatomy > Terms of Orientation > Flashcards

Terms of Orientation Flashcards

Learn the basic vocabulary associated with the oral cavity and surrounding structures

1
Q

Molars

A
  • permanent: 6th, 7th, and 8th teeth from midline (total number = 12)
    - 6yr molar, 12 yr molar, and wisdom tooth
  • deciduous: 4th and 5th teeth from midline (total number = 8)
  • function: grinding
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2
Q

Premolars (bicuspids)

A
  • total number = 8
  • 4th and 5th teeth from midline
    • first premolar
    • second premolar
  • function: tearing, holding, and grinding
  • found only in permanent dentition
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3
Q

Canine

A
  • total number = 4
  • 3rd tooth from midline
  • function: cutting, tearing, piercing, and holding
  • cusp tooth –> has point on it
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4
Q

Incisors

A
  • total number = 8
  • closest to midline
    • central and lateral incisor
  • function: cutting and incising
  • side note: maxillary generally larger than mandibular
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5
Q

Primate Space

A
  • two consistent spaces occuring b/w teeth in primary dentition
  • between mandibular primary canine and first primary molar
  • between maxillary primary canine and primary lateral incisor
  • in mouth of all primates
  • allows space for permanent dentition
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6
Q

Occlusion

A

how the mandibular teeth contact the maxillary teeth when the jaws are closed or during excursive movements of the madible

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7
Q

Comminution

A

crushing into small pieces

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8
Q

Mastication

A

process of biting or chewing food

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9
Q

Vestibule

A

space between lip/cheek and teeth, the gingiva bound between the two, covering bone of the maxilla or mandible
(where people put chew)

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10
Q

Parotid Gland

A
  • Stensen’s Duct
    • opens opposite maxillary first molar (variable)
    • main excretory duct
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11
Q

Buccal Mucosa

A

tissue lining inside cheek

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12
Q

Sublingual Folds

A
  • Plica Sublingualis
    • created by sublingual gland
    • extends horizontally from lingual frenum and attaches to floor of mouth
    • openings of ducts from small underlying glands
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13
Q

Sublingual Glands

A
  • one large gland and several small glands
  • Bartholin’s duct
    • main duct
    • opens with or near Wharton’s duct
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14
Q

Submandibular Gland

A

-Wharton’s duct
-main excretory duct (multiple openings)
-opens at side of lingual frenum
(gleek)

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15
Q

Fovea Palatinae

A
  • pits in soft palate
  • located either side of center line, slightly posterior to junction of hard and soft palate
  • openings of ducts of multiple palatine glands
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16
Q

Uvula

A
  • closes off nasal pharynx

- small fleshy structure hanging from center of posterior border of soft palate

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17
Q

Lingual Frenum

A

thin band of tissue attaching center of under surface of tongue to floor of mouth

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18
Q

Side of tongue covered in papillae

A

Dorsum (top side)

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19
Q

What is mixed dentition and what age does it occur?

A
  • combination of primary and permanent teeth

- age 6-12

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20
Q

Number of teeth in complete primary and permanent dentition

A
  • primary: 20 teeth, 10/arch

- permanent: 32 teeth, 16/arch

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21
Q

Commisure

A

corner of mouth, junction of upper and lower lip

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22
Q

Wet Dry Line

A

boundary between vermilion border and mucous membrane

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23
Q

Mucocutaneous Junction

A

boundary between vermillion border and skin

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24
Q

Vermilion Border

A

transition zone between mucous membrane and skin

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25
Q

Mandibular (Mn)

A
  • pertaining to the mandible or lower jaw

- movable

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26
Q

Maxillary (Mx)

A
  • pertaining to the maxilla or upper jaw

- stationary

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27
Q

Oral Mucosa: Specialized

A

tissue covering tongue; papillae and taste buds

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28
Q

Oral Mucosa: Lining

A

not tightly held down

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29
Q

Oral Mucosa: Masticatory

A
  • tightly held down
  • hard palate
  • gingiva
  • mucosa membrane and fibrous connective tissue that covers the alveolar process of the jaw and surrounds neck of teeth
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30
Q

Types of mucous membrane that lines oral cavity

A

masticatory, lining, and specialized

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31
Q

Components of Oral Cavity (9)

A

lips, teeth, tongue, roof of mouth, floor of mouth, cheeks, vestibules, oral mucosa, gingiva

32
Q

Dentition Periods

A
  • primary dentition period: 6mo-6yrs
  • mixed dentition period: 6-12yrs
  • permanent dentition period: 12yrs>
33
Q

Succedaneous Teeth

A

permanent teeth that replace deciduous teeth

*permanent premolars are not succedaneous teeth

34
Q

Exfoliation

A

shed or loss of primary teeth

35
Q

Resorption

A

process by which root structure is lost

36
Q

Dental Formulae

A

-number and letter designation of teeth found in a dentitioin
-represents one side of mouth
-permanent dentition:
I-2/2; C-1/1;l P-2/2; M-3/3 x2=32 total teeth
-deciduous dentition:
I-2/2; C-1/1; M-2/2 x2=20 total teeth

37
Q

Set Trait

A

traits differentiating permanent and deciduous teeth

ex: primary dentition are smaller and permanent are bigger

38
Q

Class Trait

A
  • traits that categorize teeth based on form and function –>differentiate them from other types
    • incisors
    • canines
    • premolars
    • molars
39
Q

Arch Trait

A

traits differentiating teeth in each class from maxillary and mandibular (same types from different arches)

40
Q

Type Trait

A
  • traits differentiating teeth in each class in same arch
    • centrals from laterals
    • first premolars from second premolars
    • first from second from third molars
    • no type traits for canines
41
Q

Eruption Sequence of Deciduous Maxillary Dentition

A
  • central 7.5 mos
  • lateral 8 mos
  • 1st molar 12-16 mos
  • canine 16-20 mos
  • 2nd molar 20-30 mos
42
Q

Eruption Sequence of Deciduous Mandibular Dentition

A
  • central 6.5 mos
  • lateral 7 mos
  • 1st molar 12-16 mos
  • canine 16-20 mos
  • 2nd molar 20-30 mos
43
Q

Eruption Sequence of Permanent Mx Dentition

A
  • 1st molar 6-7 yrs
  • central 7-8 yrs
  • lateral 8-9 yrs
  • 1st premolar 10-11 yrs
  • 2nd premolar 10-12 yrs
  • canine 11-12 yrs
  • 2nd molar 12-13 yrs
  • 3rd molar 17-21 yrs
44
Q

Eruption Sequence of Permanent Mn Dentition

A
  • 1st molar 6-7 yrs (first)
  • central 6-7 yrs
  • lateral 7-8 yrs
  • canine 9-10 yrs
  • 1st premolar 10-12 yrs
  • 2nd premolar 11-12 yrs
  • 2nd molar 11-13 yrs
  • 3rd molar 17-21 yrs
45
Q

Order of eruption of permanent teeth

A 
1st molars
Mn central and lateral incisors 
Mx central incisors
Mx lateral incisors
Mn canines
1st premolars
2nd premolars
Mx canines (may erupt to facial bc of time)
2nd molars
3rd molars
46
Q

Anatomical Crown

A

portion of tooth covered with enamel

47
Q

Clinical Crown

A

part of crown of a tooth that is exposed in the oral cavity

its surface area varies with the level of the gingival margin around the tooth

48
Q

Anatomical Root

A

part of the tooth which is covered in cementum

49
Q

Clinical Root

A

part of tooth which is unexposed in the mouth

50
Q

Root

A

part of tooth that is embedded in the alveolus and covered by cementum

51
Q

Anterior Teeth

A

teeth in either arch which are toward the front of the mouth (incisors and canines)
12 teeth total

52
Q

Posterior Teeth

A
  • teeth in either arch that are toward the back of the mouth
  • deciduous dentition: 8 molars
  • permanent dentition: 12 molars, 8 premolars, 20 teeth total
53
Q

Anterior Tooth Surfaces

A

crowns of anterior teeth have 4 surfaces and one ridge

54
Q

Mesial (M)

A

toward the median line of the face

55
Q

Distal (D)

A

away from the median line of the face

56
Q

Labial (La) or Facial

A
  • anterior teeth

- lip side

57
Q

Lingual (Li)

A

side toward the tongue

58
Q

Incisal (I) Ridge

A

unworn surface formed by the junction of the labial and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth

59
Q

Incisal Surface

A

surface formed on the incisal ridge after wear has taken place

60
Q

Incisal Edge

A 
edge formed by junction of axial surfaces and incisal surface of anterior teeth
defined by 4 edges
     labia-incisal edge
     lingo-incisal edge
     mesio-incisal edge
     disto-incisal edge
61
Q

Posterior Tooth Surfaces

A

crowns of posterior teeth have 5 surfaces

62
Q

Buccal (B) or Facial

A

side toward the cheek

63
Q

Occlusal (O)

A

toward biting surface of posterior teeth

equivalent to incisal edge

64
Q

Proximal

A

surface of teeth facing towards adjoining (adjacent) teeth in the same dental arch

65
Q

Cervical

A

pertaining to the neck

66
Q

Contact

A

the toughing of two surfaces

67
Q

Proximal Contact

A

touching of two surfaces of adjacent teeth

68
Q

Contact Point

A

point on the proximal surface of a tooth, when touches an adjacent tooth

69
Q

Contact Area

A

area of contact caused by the proximal attrition of one tooth with that of another in the same arch

70
Q

Occlusal or Incisal Contact

A

touching of the incisal or occlusal surfaces of teeth in opposite arch

71
Q

Line Angle

A

imaginary line or angle formed by the junction of two crown surfaces; it takes the name of those two surfaces

72
Q

Anterior Line Angles (8)

A 
mesio-labial (MLa)
mesio-lingual (MLi)
disto-labial (DLa)
disto-lingual (DLi)
labio-incisal (LaI)
lingo-incisal (LiI)
mesio-incisal (MI)
disco-incisal (DI)
73
Q

Posterior Line Angles (8)

A 
mesio-buccal
mesio-lingual
disto-buccal
disto-lingual
bucco-occlusal
linguo-occlusal
disto-occlusal
mesio-occlusal
74
Q

Point Angle

A

point which is the junction of three crown surfaces (takes the name of those three surfaces-proximal 1st, axial 2nd, O or I last)

75
Q

Anterior Point Angles (4)

A

disto-labio-incisal
disto-linguo-incisal
mesio-labio-incisal
mesio-linguo-incisal

76
Q

Posterior Point Angles

A

disto-bucco-occlusal
disto-linguo-occlusal
mesio-bucco-occlusal
mesio-linguo-occlusal

77
Q

Root Surfaces

A
  • facial, lingual, mesial, distal, apex
  • no incisal edge or occlusal surface
  • anterior teeth-single root
  • posterior teeth-multiple roots (bifurcation, trifurcation)

Oral Anatomy (3 decks)

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