Terms of movement Flashcards
flexion
indicates bending or deceasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body. most joints it involves movement in an anterior direction
extension
indicates straightening or increasing the angle between the bones or parts of the body
(usually in posterior direction)
dorsiflexion
flexion at the ankle joint
plantarflexion
bends foot and toes toward the ground
hyperextension
overextension, causes whiplash, extension of the limb beyond the normal limit
abduction
moving away from the medial plane
adduction
means moving towards it
circumduction
circular movements that involves sequential flexion, abduction, extension and adduction, so that the distal area moves in a circle
rotation
involves turning or revolving a part of the body along its longitudinal axis (turning ones head to face sideways)
medial rotation
internal rotation; brings the anterior surface of a limb closer to the medial plane
lateral rotation
external rotation, takes anterior surface away from the medial plane
what happens during pronation and supination
rotational movements of the forearm and hand that swing the distal end of the radius (the lateral long bone of the forearm) medially and laterally around and across the anterior aspect of the ulna while the proximal end of the radius rotates in place
pronation
rotates the radius medially so that the palm faces posteriorly and its dorsum faces anteriorly. When elbow flexed, pronation moves palm facing inferiorly
supination
rotates the radius laterally, uncrossing it from the ulna. Anatomical position. When elbows flexed, spuinaiton moves the hand to face palms superiorly
eversion
moves the sole of the foot away from the medial plane, turning the sole laterally
inversion
moves the sole of the foot toward the median plane (facing the sole medially)
opposition
movement by which the first digit (thumb) is brought to another digit pad