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Art History > terms Final > Flashcards

terms Final Flashcards

1
Q

Altarpiece

A

A panel, painted or sculpted, situated above or behind an altar

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2
Q

Ambulatory

A

A covered walkway, outdoors or indoors; especially the passage around the apse and the choir of a church

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3
Q

Atmospheric perspective

A

the illusion of distance by the greater diminution of color intensity, the shift of color to an almost neutral blue, and the blurring of contours as the intended distance between the eye and the object increases

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4
Q

barrel vault

A

an uninterrupted series of arches, one behind another, over an oblong space

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5
Q

Baroque

A

describes art that features dramatic theatricality and elaborate ornamentation (European art from 1600-1750)

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6
Q

Bay

A

The space between two columns or the unit in the nave arcade of a church

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7
Q

Chiaroscuro

A

In drawing and painting, the treatment and use of light and dark, especially the gradations of light that produce the effect of modeling

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8
Q

Counter-Reformation

A

The Catholic Church’s campaign to counteract the defection of its members to Protestantism

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9
Q

Clerestory

A

The fenestrated part of a building that rises above roofs of other parts

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10
Q

Cloisonne

A

a decorative metal work technique employing cloison

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11
Q

Compound pier

A

a pier with a group or cluster of attached shafts or responds especially characteristic of gothic architecture

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12
Q

Diptych

A

a two-paneled painting or alterpiece

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13
Q

Empiricism

A

the theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience. Stimulated by the rise of experimental science

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14
Q

Engaged columns

A

a half-round column attached to a wall.

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15
Q

Engraving

A

The process of incising a design in hard material

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16
Q

Enlightenment

A

The western philosophy based on empirical evidence that dominated the 18th century. The Enlightenment was a new way of thinking critically about the world and about humankind, independently of religion, myth, or tradition

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17
Q

foreshortening

A

The use of perspective to represent in art the apparent visual contraction of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular plane of sight

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18
Q

Flying buttress

A

consists typically of an inclined member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits lateral thrust.

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19
Q

French Revolution

A

an uprising in France against the monarchy from 1789 to 1799 which resulted in the establishment of France as a republic.

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20
Q

Fresco

A

painting on lime plaster

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21
Q

gothic

A

used to describe the history, culture, and art of western Europe in the 12th-14th centuries

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22
Q

groin vault

A

formed at the point at which two barrel vaults intersect at right angles

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23
Q

Humanism

A

an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge, the exploration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibility and moral duty

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24
Q

Iconography

A

Greek, “The writing of images.” The term refers both to the content , or subject, of an artwork and to the study of content in art. It also includes the study of the symbolic , often religious, mean of objects, person s, or events depicted in works of arts.

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25
Iconoclasm
The destruction of religious or sacred images
26
Illusionism
The representation of the three dimensional world on a two dimensional surface
27
Industrial Revolution
the movement in which machines changed people's way of life as well as their methods of manufacture
28
Jamb
The side posts of a doorway
29
Lancet window
tall pointed window ending in a pointed arch
30
Linear perspective
all parallel lines converge on one two or three vanishing points
31
“lux nova”
Latin for new light. Abbot Suger's term for the light that enters a gothic church through stained-glass windows
32
Mandorla
an almond shaped nimbus surrounding the figure of Christ or other sacred figures
33
Mannerism
A style of later Renaissance art that emphasized "artifice" often involving contrived imagery not derived directly from nature. Such artworks showed a self-conscious stylization involving complexity, caprice, fantasy, and polish. Mannerist architecture tended to flout the classical rules of order, stability, and symmetry, sometimes to the point of parody
34
memento mori
reminder of death
35
Medici Family
Rich family from Florence. Funded lots of art.
36
Neoclassicism
A style of art and architecture that emerged in the late 18th century as a part as a general revival of interest in classical cultures.
37
Nave
the central area of an ancient Roman basilica or of a church demarcated from aisle by piers or columns
38
oil painting
A painting technique using oil-based pigments that rose to prominence in northern europe in the 15th century and is now the standard medium for painting on canvas
39
painterly
??? couldnt find in the book
40
quartrefoil
a shape or plan in which the parts assume the form of a cloverleaf
41
radiating chaples
In medieval churches, chapels for the display of relics that opened directly onto the ambulatory the transept
42
Reformation
A 16th century movement for the reform of abuses in the Roman Catholic Church ending in the establishment of the reformed and protestant churches
43
reliquary
a container for holding relics
44
renaissance
French, "rebirth". The term used to describe the history, culture, and and art of the 14th to 16th century western Europe during which artists consciously revived the classical style
45
rib vault
a vault in which the diagonal and transverse ribs compose a structural skeleton that partially supports the masonry web between them.
46
rococo
A style primarily of interior designed that appeared in france around 1700. rococo interiors feature lavish decoration including small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, tapestries, easel paintings, reliefs, wall paintings, and elegant furniture.
47
Romanesque
"Roman-like". A term used to describe the history, culture, and art of the medieval western europe from 1050 to 1200.
48
Romanticism
A western culture phenomenon, beginning around 1750 and ending about 1850, that gave precedence to feeling and imagination over reason and though. More narrowly, the art movement that flourished from about 1800 to 1840
49
Rose Window
A circular stained glass window
50
tempera
a technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk, glue, or casein
51
Tenebrism
Painting in the "shadowy manner," using violent contrast of dark and light as in the work of Caravaggio.
52
torsion
means the action of twisting (dictionary)
53
Transverse arches
An arch separating one vaulted bay from the next
54
triptych
A three-paneled painting, ivory plaque, or altar piece. Also a small portable shrine with hinged used for a private devotion.
55
Trumeau
The center pillar or center post supporting the lintel in the middle of the door way
56
Tymapnum
The space enclosed by a lintel and an arch over a door way
57
Westwerk
The facade and towers at the western end of a medieval church, principally in Germany
58
vellum
calfskin prepared as a surface for writing or painting
59
voussoirs
A wedge-shaped stone block used in the construction of a true arch. The central voussoir, which sets the arch, is called the keystone.
60
Martin Luther
A german professor of theology, composer, priest, monk and a seminal figure in the protestant reformation

Art History (4 decks)

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