1st semester: Midterm

Question 1

Votive (figures)

Answer 1

A gift of gratitude to a deity

Question 2

Hieratic scale

Answer 2

An artistic technique in which the importance of figures is indicated by size, so that the most important figure is depicted as the largest.

Question 3

Pictograph

Answer 3

a pictorial symbol for a word or phrase

Question 4

Cella

Answer 4

Center chamber of Greek temple that holds cult statue

Question 5

Stele

Answer 5

A carved stone slab used to mark graves or to commemorate historical events used in Mesopotamian society

Question 6

Ka

Answer 6

central to ancient Egyptian belief; can be described as a “life force” or “spirit” in our terms; something that exists beyond the physical body but is at the same time of it. Accommodating the ka after death is important, thus, the need for likenesses (in various forms) of physical bodies

Question 7

Composite view

Answer 7

Representation in which part of the figure is shown in profile and another part of same figure is shown frontally.

Question 8

Corbeled vaulting

Answer 8

An arch formed by the piling of stone blocks in horizontal courses, cantilevered inward until the blocks meet at a keystone (NOT true arch)

Question 9

Post and lintel construction

Answer 9

A construct with a crossbeam placed across the top of two uprights. Used in Neolithic times.

Question 10

Engaged Column

Answer 10

A flat, rectangular column projecting from a wall which it forms a part. Has a base and capital, and is often fluted.

Question 11

Dome

Answer 11

Hemispherical vault; beehive shaped in Mycenaean architecture.

Question 12

Fresco

Answer 12

A technique of painting on walls covered with moist plaster. Used in Minoan and Mycenaean palaces and Roman villas. Either dry or wet latter is mixed with water and bound to moist lime plaster.

Question 13

Carytid

Answer 13

female figures acting as columns

Question 14

Phidian Drapery

Answer 14

Clothing intended to show the form underneath

Question 15

Kore

Answer 15

the name given to a type of free-standingancient Greek sculptureof theArchaic perioddepicting female figures, always of a young age. (Kouroi male figure)

Question 16

Contrapposto

Answer 16

A style of Greek sculpture where people are depicted standing and leaning so that the person’s weight is being put on one side. People are depicted with their bodies curved like an “S”

Question 17

Naturalistic

Answer 17

human form render well

Question 18

Veristic

Answer 18

an interest in the faithful reproduction of the immediate visual and tactical appearance of subjects; harsh or severe realism.

Question 19

Mosaic

Answer 19

Patterns or pictures made by embedding tesserae (small pieces) of stone/glass onto walls and floors. Used to tell stories of worship in Christian art.

Question 20

Sarcophagus

Answer 20

A coffin made of stone; decorated with paintings. Used in Egypt and Rome

Question 21

Arch

Answer 21

A curved structural member that spans and opening and is generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks that transmit the downward pressure laterally

Question 22

triumphal arch

Answer 22

A large monument in the shape of an arch that celebrates a leader or a military victory

Question 23

Barrel vault

Answer 23

The simplest form of vault consisting of an unbroken series of arches; it forms a tunnel like shape

Question 24

Groin vault

Answer 24

Formed at the point at which 2 barrel vaults intersect at right angles; 4 pathways created

Question 25

Oculus

Answer 25

A hole at the top of a dome

Question 26

coffer (coffering)

Answer 26

A sunken ornamental panel in vault or ceiling to lessen weight of dome

Question 27

Basilican or Longitudinal Plan

Answer 27

Christian plan that includes: nave, aisles, apse, transept, narthex, atrium. Favored by Western Christians.

Question 28

Central Plan

Answer 28

that has equal dimensions around center; typically round/polygonal

Question 29

Nave

Answer 29

Large central space of a basilica, surrounded by aisles. In a longitudinal plan, a transept is at an end of this.

Question 30

Aisle

Answer 30

Portion of a basilica next to the nave; separated by columns/piers

Question 31

Colonnade

Answer 31

A series of columns

Question 32

Orants

Answer 32

A Christian depiction of prayer (prayer position)

Question 33

Lunette

Answer 33

half circle

Question 34

Nimbus

Answer 34

halo

Question 35

Vellum

Answer 35

Parchment made of animal skin

Question 36

pendentive

Answer 36

A spherical triangle which acts as a transition between a circular dome
and a square base on which the dome is set.

Question 37

squinch

Answer 37

An arch, or a system of concentrically wider and gradually projecting arches,
placed at the corners of a square base to act as the transition to a circular dome placed
on the base.

Question 38

Oculus

Answer 38

A hole at the top of a dome

Question 39

Frieze or register

Answer 39

a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially on a wall near the ceiling.

Question 40

Bent-Axis plan

Answer 40

Or bent-axis plan. A plan that incorporates two or more angular changes of direction, characteristic of Sumerian architecture.

Question 41

Foreshortening

Answer 41

The use of perspective to represent in art the apparent visual contraction of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular plane of sight.

Question 42

Canopic Jars

Answer 42

It was very important to ancient Egyptian religious beliefs that the human body was preserved. A method of artificial preservation, called mummification was developed by the ancient Egyptians. During the process of mummification, all of the major organs were removed and placed in canopic jars

Question 43

Relief (high and low)

Answer 43

A sculpture attached to a background

Question 44

tomb/ mausoleum

Answer 44

a building, especially a large and stately one, housing a tomb or tombs.

Question 45

monolith

Answer 45

is a geological feature consisting of a single massive stone or rock

Question 46

Tempera

Answer 46

also known as egg tempera, is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other size)

Question 47

encaustic

Answer 47

using pigments mixed with hot wax that are burned in as an inlay.

Question 48

Colossus

Answer 48

a statue that is much bigger than life size.

Question 49

Cruciform

Answer 49

a church shaped like a cross, usually a greek cross with arms of equal length

Question 50

Collapsed Narrative

Answer 50

The narrative takes place in one scene (???)

Question 51

Continuous narative

Answer 51

The narrative continues from one scene to the next (???)