Terms Exam One

Question 1

Jizya

Answer 1

Special tax that non-Muslims were forced to pay to their Islamic rulers in return for which they were given security and property and granted cultural autonomy

Question 2

Devshrime

Answer 2

System of taking non-Muslim children in place of taxes in order to educate them in Ottoman Muslim ways and prepare them for service in the sultan’s bureaucracy

Question 3

Jesuits

Answer 3

Religious order founded by Ignatius Loyola to counter the inroads of the Protestant Reformation; were active in politics, education, and missionary work

Question 4

Creoles

Answer 4

Persons of full-blooded European descent who were born in the Spanish American colonies

Question 5

Red Turban Movement

Answer 5

Diverse religious movement in China during the 14th century that spread the belief that the world was drawing to an end as Mongol rule was collapsing

Question 6

Peninsulares

Answer 6

Spaniards who, although born in Spain, resided in the Spanish colonial territories

Question 7

Enclosure

Answer 7

A movement in which landowners took control of lands that traditionally had been common property serving local needs

Question 8

Holy Roman Empire

Answer 8

Enormous realm that encompassed much of Europe and aspired to be the Christian successor state to the Roman empire

Question 9

Tokugawa Shogmate

Answer 9

Hereditary military administration founded in 1603 that ruled Japan while keeping the emperor as a figurehead