Terms and Definitions

Question 1

Viscosity

Answer 1

The resistance to flow and alteration of shape due to cohesion.

Question 2

Plasma

Answer 2

The fluid portion of the blood, which is mostly water.

Question 3

Formed elements of blood

Answer 3

The cells and cell parts of blood produced by the bone marrow (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) about 45% of blood.

Question 4

Erythrocytes

Answer 4

Red blood cells which carry the oxygen in blood.

Question 5

Leukocytes

Answer 5

White blood cells that perform various defensive functions in blood.

Question 6

Platelets

Answer 6

Cell fragments in blood that help prevent blood loss.

Question 7

Diapedesis

Answer 7

Passage of a white blood cell through the blood vessel and into the tissue spaces.

Question 8

Chemotaxis

Answer 8

Attraction of white blood cells to chemical stimuli.

Question 9

Hemopoiesis

Answer 9

The process by which the formed elements of blood are made in the body.

Question 10

Hemostasis

Answer 10

The process by which the body stops blood loss.

Question 11

Coagulation factors

Answer 11

Proteins in the blood plasma which help initiate the blood clotting process.

Question 12

Antigen

Answer 12

A protein or carbohydrate that, when introduced in the body, triggers the production of an antibody.

Question 13

Arteries

Answer 13

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Question 14

Capillaries

Answer 14

Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and cells.

Question 15

Veins

Answer 15

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

Question 16

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 16

Circulation of the blood over the air sacs of the lungs

Question 17

Systemic circulation

Answer 17

Circulation of the blood through tissues of the body, except for the pulmonary circulation.

Question 18

Systolic phase

Answer 18

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract.

Question 19

Diastolic phase

Answer 19

The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles relax

Question 20

Cardiac cycle

Answer 20

One complete round of systole and diastole.

Question 21

Arterioles

Answer 21

The smallest arteries that still have three tunics.

Question 22

Venules

Answer 22

Small veins that do not have three tunics but instead have only an endothelium, a basement membrane, and a few smooth muscle cells