Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Applications I > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

0
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

swollen, enlarged lymph nodes, due to infection, autoimmune disease, malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

pathognomonic

A

characteristic for a particular disease, sign whose presence means that a particular disease is present beyond any doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

lethargy

A

subjective feeling of tiredness, distinct form weakness, has gradual onset

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dysarthria

A

difficulty pronouncing words caused by neurological injury to the motor component of the motor-speech system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

contraindication

A

condition or factor that serves as a reason to withhold a certain medical treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing in the ear, perception of sound within the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

vertigo

A

type of dizziness in which pt inappropriately experiences the perception of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

odynophagia

A

painful swallowing in the mouth or esphagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

orthopnea

A

shortness of breath which occurs when laying flat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lassitude

A

condition of weariness, debility, or fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

nevi

A

“birthmarks” - sharply circumscribed chronic lesions of the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

glossodynia

A

burning sensation in the mouth where no underlying cause can be found

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hemoptysis

A

expectoration (coughing up) of blood or blood stained sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

plethoric

A

florid, red-faced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

febrile

A

having or showing sx of a fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

galactorrhea

A

spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitium (locations beneath the skin or in cavities of the body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

category x

A

drugs with high teratogenic risk to fetus, contraindicated for use during pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

obtundation

A

less than full mental capacity as a result of a medical condition or trauma

unarousable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

anosmia

A

inability to perceive odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

dyspnea

A

shortness of breath, subjective symptom of breathlessness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation in women of reproductive age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

anesthesia

A

condition of having sensation (including pain) blocked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

ataxia

A

uncoordinated movement, muscle control problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

paroxysmal

A

sudden recurrences or intensification of sx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

nocturia

A

need to get up at night to urinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

prolonged or excessive uterine bleeding irregularly and more frequently than normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

akathisia

A

unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness, inability to sit still (movements are voluntary though)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

fasciculation

A

small local involuntary muscle contraction

a twitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

globus sensation

A

nonpainful sensation of having a lump or foreign object in the throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

hematospermia

A

blood in the semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

anhedonia

A

inability to experience pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

alopecia

A

hair loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

water brash

A

heartburn with regurgitation of sour fluid or almost tasteless saliva into the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

dyspareunia

A

painful intercourse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

paresthesia

A

tickling, tingling, burning, pricking or numbness of the skin with no apparent cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

deglitition

A

swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

hypoesthesia

A

reduced sense of touch or partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

cyanosis

A

blue/purple coloration of skin or mucous membrane due to decreased O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

proctalgia

A

severe, episodic rectal and sacrococcygeal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

appy

A

appendectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

pack years

A

packs smoked per day times years smoked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

goiter

A

abnormal enlargement of thyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

icterus

A

jaundice

51
Q

spermatocele

A

benign, painless mass extending near testicle

52
Q

chole

A

cholecystectomy

53
Q

nuchal rigidity

A

neck stiffness

54
Q

entropion

A

inward folding of lower eyelids

55
Q

cryptorchidism

A

absence of one or both testes from the scrotum

56
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

measured deterioration of the function of the myocardium

57
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

58
Q

strabismus

A

disorder in which the two eyes do not line up in the same direction

59
Q

ectropion

A

condition in which the lower eyelids turn outward

60
Q

hypospadias

A

birth defect of the male urethra that involves an abnormally placed meatus

61
Q

consolidation

A

region of normally compressible lung tissue that has filled with liquid

62
Q

CAGE questionnaire

A

used to detect alcoholism

C- have you felt you need to cut down your drinking?
A- have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking?
G- have you ever felt guilty about your drinking?
E- have you ever felt like you need a drink in the morning (eye-opener)?

63
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of upper eyelid

64
Q

bruit

A

unusual sound of blood when it rushes past an obstruction in an artery

65
Q

priapism

A

condition in which erect penis does not return to its flaccid state

66
Q

parenchymal

A

functional parts of an organ

67
Q

PCI - percutaneous coronary intervention

A

coronary angioplasty

68
Q

anhidrosis

A

deficiency in perspiration

69
Q

stridor

A

high pitched wheezing due to obstruction

70
Q

varicocele

A

enlargement of pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum

71
Q

meningismus

A

condition where pt shows signs of meningitis but there are no pathological changes

72
Q

malaise

A

generalized feeling of discomfort, illness, lack of wellbeing

73
Q

petechiae

A

small red or purple spot caused by minor hemorrhage

74
Q

purpura

A

red or purple discolorations of skin that do not blanch when applying pressure

75
Q

wheal

A

raised itchy area of skin

76
Q

macule

A

change in surface color with elevation or depression, <1 cm

77
Q

patch

A

circumscribed area of discoloration with elevation or depression, >1 cm

78
Q

plaque

A

well circumscribed, elevated, superficial, solid lesion, >1 cm

79
Q

nodule

A

palpable, solid lesion >1 cm, may be above, level with, or below skin surface

80
Q

tumor

A

solid, firm lesion, >2 cm, may be above, level with, or below skin surface

81
Q

vesicle

A

small, superficial circumscribed lesion, elevated, <0.5 cm, contains serous fluid

82
Q

bullae

A

raised circumscribed lesion >0.5 cm that contains serous fluid

83
Q

pustule

A

small circumscribed superficial lesion, elevated, filled with pus

84
Q

folliculitis

A

inflammation of one or more hair follicles

85
Q

ecchymosis

A

purple discoloration of the skin, caused by passage of blood from ruptured vessel into subcutaneous tissue, >10 cm

86
Q

hematoma

A

localized collection of blood outside the vasculature, usually in liquid form within tissue

87
Q

nevus

A

sharply circumscribed, chronic lesion of the skin

birthmark

88
Q

linear

A

lesion that forms a line along the skin

89
Q

serpiginous

A

slowly progressive, creeping, leaving scar tissue below while it continues to affect the skin above

90
Q

violaceous

A

violet in color

91
Q

sessile

A

skin lesion that appears to be stuck directly to the skin surface without a stalk

92
Q

pedunculated

A

lesion with a long stalk of tissue supporting it

93
Q

target

A

macule, papule, vessicle, or bullae surrounded by a hemorrhagic maculopapule

94
Q

annular

A

ring-like shape

95
Q

dependent personality

A

need to assuage fears of abandonment, starvation, helplessness

maladaptive - demand urgent, special attention

96
Q

obsessive compulsive personality

A

need to maintain control, especially of emotional expression

maladaptive - thinking substitutes feeling and emotion - ritualistic behaviors

97
Q

histrionic personality

A

need to merge emotionally with others, especially of the opposite sex

maladaptive - communicate through emotions, feeling, performing; overly dramatic

98
Q

masochistic personality

A

self defeating, need to suffer

maladaptive - express much suffering, bad luck, disappointments, feel like a helpless victim

99
Q

narcissistic personality

A

need to overcome low self esteem, maintain personal identity

maladaptive - act all-powerful, all important, arrogant

100
Q

paranoid personality

A

need to assuage fear or their own faults, weaknesses, impulses and of infringement by others

maladaptive - guarded, vigilant, quarrelsome, suspicious

101
Q

schizoid personality

A

need to protect against certain disappointment when relating to others

maladaptive - isolated unsociable, out of touch, have solitary interests

102
Q

borderline personality

A

long term patterns of unstable or turbulent emotions - impulsive actions, chaotic relationships

103
Q

avoidant personality

A

feel very shy, inadequate, sensitive to rejection

104
Q

schizotypal personality

A

need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior/thinking, unconventional beliefs

105
Q

affect

A

subjective and immediate experience of emotion attached to ideas or mental representations of objects

106
Q

flat affect

A

absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression

107
Q

echolalia

A

psychopathological repeating of words or phrases of one person by another, tends to be repetitive and persistent, seen in schizophrenia

108
Q

echopraxia

A

involuntary repetition or imitation of another person’s actions

109
Q

paraphilia

A

experience of intense sexual arousal to highly atypical objects, situations, or individuals

110
Q

micrographia

A

tiny handwriting or handwriting that decreases in size, seen in parkinsonism

111
Q

loose associations

A

characteristic schizophrenic thinking or speech disturbance involving a disorder in the logical progression of thoughts, manifested as a failure to communicate verbally adequately; unrelated ideas shift from one subject to another

112
Q

tangential communication

A

oblique, digressive, or irrelevant manner of speech in which the central idea is not communicated

113
Q

flight of ideas

A

rapid succession of fragmentary thoughts or speech in which content changes abruptly and speech may be incoherent

114
Q

somatization

A

tendency to experience and communicate psychological distress in the form of somatic sx and to seek medical help for them

115
Q

catatonia

A

state of neurologic motor inability and behavioral abnormality manifested by stupor

116
Q

conversion reaction

A

development of symbolic physical sx and distortions involving the voluntary muscles or special sense organs, not under voluntary control and not explained by any physical disorder

117
Q

malingering

A

feigning a disease to achieve a specific goal, for example to avoid an unpleasant responsibility

118
Q

dysthymia

A

chronic type of depression in which a person’s moods are regularly low, not as severe as major depression

119
Q

anhedonia

A

loss of interest in, and withdrawal from, all regular and pleasurable activities; often associated with depression

120
Q

psychomotor (agitation?)

A

physical and mental overactivity that is usually nonproductive and is associated with a feeling of inner turmoil, as seen in agitated depression

121
Q

munchausen’s syndrome

A

feigning illness or psychological trauma to draw attention, sympathy

122
Q

cyclothymic

A

numerous extreme mood disturbances with periods of hypomanic sx alternated with periods of moderate or mild depression, less severe than bipolar

123
Q

disassociation

A

unconscious defense mechanism involving segregation of any group of mental or behavioral processes from the rest of the person’s psychic activity

124
Q

amnesia

A

partial or total inability to recall past experiences, may be organic (amnestic disorder) or emotional (dissociative disorder)

125
Q

fugue

A

dissociative disorder characterized by a period of almost complete amnesia, during which a person actually feels from an immediate life situation and begins a different life pattern; mental faculties and skills are usually unimpaired

126
Q

depersonalizatoin

A

sensation of unreality concerning oneself, parts of oneself or one’s environment that occurs under extreme stress or fatigue

Clinical Applications I (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions