Terms Flashcards
Accident
An undesired event that results in loss.
Incident
An undesired event that results in loss, or, that under slightly different circumstances, could have resulted in loss.
Hazard
A condition or practice with the potential for accidental loss
Risk
The chance of loss when exposed to a hazard. Risk includes elements of probability, including the degree of exposure, and the severity (consequences) of exposure.
Danger
Relative exposure of people to a hazard. Definite level of harm, but the harm is not always certain. Danger levels can differ even though the hazard is the same. levels even though the hazard is the same.
Safety
The control of recognized hazards to attain an acceptable level of risk. Relative protection from exposure to hazards.
Device
Mechanism or control designed for safeguarding at the point of operations, presence- sensing, pull back, two-hand trip.
Enclosure
Safeguarding by fixed barriers that are mounted on or around a machine to prevent access to moving parts.
Fencing
Safeguarding by means of a locked fence or rail enclosure that restricts access to the machine.
Location
Hazard is physically inaccessible
Nip points or bites
the hazardous area created by two or more mechanical parts rotating in opposite directions within the same plane with close interaction
Pinch points
any place where a body part can be caught between 2 or more moving parts
Point of operation
the area on the machine where the material is positioned for processing - where work is performed on the material
Power transmission
includes all mechanical parts, such as gears, cams, shafts, pulleys, belts, clutches, and brakes, and rods that transmit energy from the source of power to the equipment or machine
Safeguarding
Any means of preventing personnel from coming in contact with moving parts of machinery or equipment, potentially causing physical harm
Point of operation protective devices
when not provided by the manufacturer, they must be installed by the user.
Guard Openings
Any openings not over 3/8 inch (9mm) are considered realtively safe.
To maintain a definte Safe Zone is 1/4 inch (6 mm) wide, within 1 1/2 (38mm) of the danger zone.
Point of Operation Safeguarding Methods
Enclosure, Barrier Guards
Automatic or Semi-automatic feed
Hand Removal or restraint
Two hand trip
Most hazardous action or motions
Rotating, reciprocating and transverse motions (rotating, back and forth, straight line actions)
In running nip points
Cutting actions
Punching, shearing, bending actions
Lockout / Tagout - NSC, OSHA
Develop a program to prevent unintentional start-up of equipment being repaired
use locks when possible
ensure new equipment can accomodate locks
when you cannot lockout, tagout
use procedures for control and release of energy
standarize locks/tagd
conduct inspection of procedures annually
train employees
adopt procedures for testing when locked out
Robotic Hazards
Bring struck by moving parts of the robot
entrapment between moving parts, or other items
being struck by dropped or ejected objects
Robot Safeguarding methods
Use mechanical stops to restrict range of motion
Amber light to indicate robot is energized
fixed guards around robots operating envelope
Interlocked access gates
hazard warning signs around points of access
install prescence sensing devices such as photo - electric cells, pressure sensitive mats and light/sound curtains
provide training
anchor the robot according to manufcatures specifications
locate the control panel in an easily seen area
locking type disconnects for all sources of energy
provide means to release stored energy
shield devices from radio frequency interference
PPE Program
Write policy, communicate
select proper ppe
provide training on correct use and maintenance
enforce the use of ppe
Head Protection - 3 classes
Canadian Standards Association - CSA CAN/CSA Z94.1-05 - Industrial protective headwear
Class G (General Use) 2200 v Class E (Electrical trades) 22000v Class C (conducting headwear) provided protection against impact and penetration only
Bump cap is not protective headwear, but may be used to prevent from bumping into stationary devices.
