Terms

Question 1

A known variation of a particular gene. Formerly called allelomorph.

Answer 1

Allele

Question 2

Five Main Parts of Evolution

Answer 2

Organisms have changed over time

all organism are derived from common ancestors by a process of branching

change is gradual and slow

evolution occurs by changes in proportions of alleles

the mechanism for the evolution of adaptations is natural selection

Question 3

monophyletic group

Answer 3

a taxon (group of organisms) which forms a clade, meaning that it consists of a species and all its descendants.

Question 4

taxon

Answer 4

group of organisms

Question 5

paraphyletic group

Answer 5

all of the descendants of a possibly hypothetical closest common ancestor minus one or more monophyletic groups (most usually one)

Question 6

polyphyletic group

Answer 6

any group other than a monophyletic group or a paraphyletic group, which like a paraphyletic group contains only some of the descendants of their closest common ancestor, but unlike a paraphyletic group is not characterized by the missing descendants forming one (or more) monophyletic groups.

Question 7

evolution

Answer 7

the change in the inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

Question 8

what is a paradigm shift and why is it important to studies in evolution?

Answer 8

A paradigm shift is a change in the basic assumptions, or paradigms, within the ruling theory of science.

Question 9

Darwin vs. Lamar: What’s the difference?

Answer 9

Darwins process was variational. There are variations in the organisms that allow some to reproduce better than others.

Lamar’s was transformational. The organism itself changed or transformed to adapt.