Terms

Question 1

Adenohypophysis

Answer 1

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Question 2

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Answer 2

released by the anterior pituitary, acts on the adrenal cortex

Question 3

Fructosamine assay

Answer 3

monitors control of glucose over time (2-3 wks)

Question 4

Glucocorticosteroids

Answer 4

secreted by the adrenal cortex, essential to the metabolic system for proper utilization of carbs, proteins & fats

Question 5

Glucose tolerance test

Answer 5

(fasting) detect abnormal glucose metabolism

Question 6

Hemoglobin A1C

Answer 6

measures blood glucose over a period of many weeks (6-8 wks)

Question 7

Insulin

Answer 7

hormone secreted by beta cells in the islets of Langerhans

Question 8

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 8

secreted by adrenal cortex, affect electrolytes (mainly Na+, K+, Cl)

Question 9

Negative feedback

Answer 9

hormonal need of a target tissue is being satisfied, production or secretion of the hormone will be inhibited

Question 10

Parathormone

Answer 10

(parathyroid hormone) produced & secreted by parathyroid, low calcium level stimulates release of parathormone, which increases plasma level of Ca+

Question 11

Pressor

Answer 11

causing blood vessel constriction

Question 12

Thyrocalcitonin

Answer 12

decreases blood calcium by inhibiting bone breakdown & release of calcium

Question 13

Thyroid panel

Answer 13

group of tests to detect abnormal thyroid gland activity

Question 14

Thyroxine

Answer 14

T4, increases metabolic rate, essential for normal growth & development

Question 15

Triiodothyronine

Answer 15

T3, potent form of thyroid hormone, when needed it is converted from the more abundant supply of T4 (thyroxine)

Question 16

Ablation therapy

Answer 16

radioactive iodine

Question 17

Acromegaly

Answer 17

gigantism in adults; facial features change w/ lips thickening, nose enlarging, forehead developing bulge, hands & feet become enlarged, muscle weakness, osteoporosis, joint pain

Question 18

Agranulocytosis:

Answer 18

deficiency of granulocytes in the blood, causing increased vulnerability to infection

Question 19

Anosmia

Answer 19

loss of sense of smell

Question 20

Apathetic thyrotoxicosis

Answer 20

fatigue and slowing down (eldery pt w/hyperthyroidism sign of thyrotoxicosis)

Question 21

Benign pituitary adenoma

Answer 21

tumor of the pituitary; non-cancerous

Question 22

Catecholamines

Answer 22

epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenalin

Question 23

Cretinism

Answer 23

congenital hypothyroidism, characterized by growth failure

Question 24

Exophthalmos

Answer 24

abnormal protrusion of eyeballs

Question 25

Gigantism

Answer 25

excessive secretion of GH, leading to excessively tall stature

Question 26

Hypophysectomy

Answer 26

removal of pituitary gland

Question 27

Lability

Answer 27

(labile) (chemistry, physics, biology) readily undergoing change or breakdown.

Question 28

Optic chiasm

Answer 28

part of brain where optic nerve fibers cross

Question 29

Sheehan syndrome

Answer 29

rare postpartum complication, involves infarction of gland (pituitary) secondary to postpartum hemorrhage

Question 30

Tetany

Answer 30

intermittent muscular spasms, caused by malfunction of the parathyroid glands and a consequent deficiency of calcium resulting from injury to or accidental removal of parathyroid gland

Question 31

Thyroid storm

Answer 31

also known as thyroid crisis or thyrotoxicosis, complication following thyroidectomy, usually occurs in pt w/ hyperthyroidism