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terms Flashcards

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1
Q

philosophy

A

Broad statements of values and beliefs that propose general ideas about what nursing is

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2
Q

building blocks of theory

A

Concepts are the building blocks of theory

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3
Q

model

A

“A model provides a perspective of the person for whom you are caring, specifies the approach to be taken in the delivery of care, and structures critical thinking, reasoning and decision making in practice.”

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4
Q

theory

A

A theory takes concepts and links them together using propositional statements and proposes more specific outcomes.

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5
Q

grand theory/middle range theory

A

Grand theories are more abstract and middle-range theories are more specific.

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6
Q

metaparadigm

A

the most abstract set of central concepts for the discipline of nursing (ie. person, environment, health, nursing)

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7
Q

conceptual model aka paradigm aka framework

A

frameworks or paradigms that address the person, environment, health, and nursing metaparadigm. the way you think about people and about nursing has a direct impact on how you approach people, what questions you ask, how you process info, ect

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8
Q

Nightingale’s Philosophy in Nursing Practice

A

Ø Nursing action is the provision of an
environment conducive to healing and health promotion
Ø Assessment / Planning / Intervention / Evaluation

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9
Q

Levine’s Conservation Model in Nursing Practice

A

Nursing is human interaction
Conservation
Keeping together the life system
Energy sources and its exchange results in predictable, manageable and recognizable consequences
Adaptation
Ongoing process of change; life process
Wholeness
Present when the interactions and adaptations to the environment permit the assurance of integrity
This model includes metaparadigm concepts
Goal: Promote adaptation and well-being

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10
Q

King’s Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment in Nursing Practice

A

3 interacting systems:
Personal
Perception/self/growth & development/body image/time-space
Interpersonal
Interaction/communication/transaction/stress/role
Social
Power/authority/status/decision making/role/organization
Interactive process between patient and nurse

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11
Q

Neuman’s Systems Model in Nursing Practice

A

“Helping each other live” is Neuman’s philosophy
Client – an individual / group / family / community system
5 variables that interact synergistically :
physiological / psychological / developmental / sociocultural / spiritual
Environmental stressor:
Intrapersonal / interpersonal / extrapersonal
Wellness-Illness Continuum
Optimal system stability = greatest degree of client wellness
Greatly affected by client perceptions

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12
Q

Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory in Practice

A

Nurse focus: person’s need for self-care action; provision and management on continuous basis
Nurse goal: overcome human limitations
3 Central Themes:
Nursing care required when inability to perform self-care due to limitations of client
Mature adults deliberately learn / perform actions to direct their survival /quality of life / well-being
Product of Nursing is Nursing Systems
Nursing Process (ADPIE)

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13
Q

Rogers’ Science of Unitary Human Beings in Nursing Practice

A 
Abstract system of ideas
Central concern – Nursing of unitary human beings (UHB)
Dynamic constantly evolving energy fields
Integral with the universe
UHB and environment are one
Changes in pattern and organization manifest as observable events
Concepts:
Energy Field
Openness
Pattern
Pandimensionality
Unitary Human Being
Environment
Homeodynamic Principles
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14
Q

Neuman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness in Nursing Practice

A

Nurse interacts with patients and views pattern of entire life
Relationship with time/space/movement
Nurse relates to patient to discover perceptions of health

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15
Q

Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality in Nursing Practice

A

Specific to culture and transcultural nursing
Culture care preservation / accommodations
Expressions of caring - vigilance

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16
Q

Parse’s Theory of Human Becoming in Nursing Practice

A

Human as developing structure – value and imaging through language
Patterned unit of person and universe in rhythm
Co-transcendence of human capacity to grow with universe

17
Q

culture

A

Culture is the values, beliefs, norms, and practices of a particular group that are learned and shared and that guide thinking, decisions, and actions in a patterned way

18
Q

Giger and Davidhizar’s Assessment Model

A 
Nursing Assessment
Communication
Space
Social Organization
Biological Variations
Environmental control
Time
19
Q

enculturation or socialization

A

Patterns of cultural behavior are learned through a process called enculturation or socialization which involves acquiring knowledge and internalizing values (Nolt, 1992)

20
Q

ethnohistory

A

Past facts, events, institutions, and experiences which are primarily people centered and which describe, explain, and interpret human lifeways within a particular culutral context over short and long periods of time

21
Q

Ethnicity

A

Groups whose members share common social and cultural heritage passed on to each successive generation

22
Q

Minority

A

A minority can consist of a particular racial, religious, or occupational group that constitutes less than a numerical majority of the population

23
Q

Culture

A

The learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms and life ways of a particular group that guides thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned ways

24
Q

Racism

A

The belief that human differences stem from differences in race and that one’s race is superior to another

25
Q

Acculturation

A

The extent to which a member of a particular culture has adopted the patterned lifeways of another group

26
Q

Stereotyping

A

An opinion or judgment, usually unfavorable, formed beforehand with no basis except personal feelings

27
Q

Social Organization

A

Cultural behavior is socially acquired, not genetically inherited.
Patterns of cultural behavior are learned through a process called enculturation or socialization which involves acquiring knowledge and internalizing values (Nolt, 1992)

28
Q

Bicultural

A

A person who crosses two cultures, lifestyles, and sets of values

29
Q

A person who crosses two cultures, lifestyles, and sets of values

A

An individual who crosses two racial and cultural groups

30
Q

Individuals with Present-Oriented Perceptions

A 
Individuals with Present-Oriented Perceptions: 
African American 
Puerto Rican American
 Mexican American 
American Indian
31
Q

Individuals with Past- Oriented Perceptions:

A

Chinese Americans

32
Q

Individuals with Future – Orientated Perceptions:

A

Dominant American

33
Q

Time and Nursing Implications

A

“Now and Later” may be interpreted differently by persons from different ethnic or cultural groups
Nurses need to be flexible in attitudes and not become emotionally upset when the client desires procedures to be done at inconvenient times

34
Q

Leininger’s Culture Care

A

3 Nursing Modalities to guide nursing judgments, decisions or actions to provide culturally congruent care
Culture Care Preservation
Culture Care Accommodation
Culture Care Repatterning

nursing theory (3 decks)

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