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Terms Flashcards

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0
Q

Social Studies

A

The study of people in relation to each other and to the world in which the live

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1
Q

Human Geography

A

The study of peoples and place on the surface of the earth.

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2
Q

Natural Resources

A

All of the resources of use to humans that produced by the earths natural process

ex) air, soil, fossil fuels, minerals, plants & animals

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3
Q

Geographers

A

Scientists who study geography

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4
Q

Sea Level

A

The level of the oceans surface used to measure height & depth

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5
Q

“geo”

A

Refers to the earth

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6
Q

“graphy”

A

Writing about or drawing the earth

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7
Q

Geography

A

The study of the earth and “writing about three earth” or “drawing the earth”

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8
Q

Antipods

A

A pair of points that are an opposite sides of the plant

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9
Q

Equator

A

The line of fastest rotation on the earth. It is a full circumference located midway between poles

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10
Q

Poles

A

The 2 ends of the axis around which the earth rotates (North Pole and South Pole)

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11
Q

Axis

A

An imaginary line through the middle of the earth around which the earth rotates

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12
Q

Rotation

A

The spinning of the earth around its own axis

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13
Q

Revolution

A

The movement of the earth around the sun

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14
Q

Orbit

A

The nearly circular path the earth follows around the sun

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15
Q

Leap Year

A

A year having 366 days, the extra day being February 29th

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16
Q

Equinoxes

A

The time of year when day and night are equal everywhere on earth. Now the sun’s rays directly overhead @ 12pm.

eg) March 21st (approx)
Vernal Equinox

September 23rd (approx) 
Autumnal Equinox
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17
Q

Solstice

A

Time of year when the difference in day and night is at a maximum

eg) June 22nd (approx) 
Summer Solstice (longest day of the year in the N.H.) 
Dec 22nd (approx) 
Winter Solstice (shortest day of the year in the N.H.)
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18
Q

Latitude

A

The distance of a place north of south of the equator measured in degrees

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19
Q

Parallels

A

Imaginary lines on the surface of the earth drawn parallel to the equator

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20
Q

Longitude

A

The distance of a place east or west of the prime meridian measured in degrees

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21
Q

Meridians

A

Imaginary half-circles around the earth that pass through a given location and terminate at the North Pole & South Pole

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22
Q

Prime Meridian

A

The baseline used to measure east-west location on the surface of the earth in terms of longitude

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23
Q

Conformal Map Projection

A

One that retains the proper shape of surface features. All conformal map projections have meridians and parallels crossing each other at right angles

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24
Q

Equivalent Map Projection

A

One that shows the relative sizes of places correctly in all of the map. An equivalent world map will have disfigured shapes; it is some times more simply known as an equal-area map

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25
Q

Map Projection

A

The representation on a flat surface of part or all of the surface of the earth

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26
Q

Continents

A
  • Any of the 7 largest land masses
  • Surrounded by water
    ex) Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, North Amer & South Amer
27
Q

Island

A
  • A land mass completely surrounded by water

ex) Hawaii

28
Q

Atolls

A
  • A ring shaped-island encircling a lagoon

ex) Tokelau, Molokini ( off the coast of Maoi )

29
Q

Spit

A
  • A thin strip of land reaching into the water

ex) Farwell spit in New Zeland

30
Q

Hook

A
  • A spit or sand bar curved towards the shore

ex) Cape cod, Massachusetts

31
Q

Peninsula

A
  • A piece of land jutting out from mainland and almost entirely surrounded by water
    ex) Florida, Italy
32
Q

Isthmus

A
  • A narrow neck of land separating two bodies of water and connecting two large land masses
    ex) Panama
33
Q

Valley

A
  • A hollow carved by a stream or glacier or land drained or watered by a large river system
    ex) Mississippi River Valley
34
Q

Hill

A
  • A elevated piece of land

ex) Black Hills of South Dakota, Cypress Hills Sask

35
Q

Plain

A
  • A broad and flat or gently rolling area

ex) Great Plains U.S.A

36
Q

Plateau

A
  • A broad, flat region that is higher than it’s surrounding land at least on one side
    ex) Colorado River Plateau or Mexican Plateau
37
Q

Mountain

A
  • A high rugged landform

ex) Mt. Everest, Rocky Mts. Matterhorn

38
Q

River

A
  • A natural stream of water flowing toward a lake or an ocean
    ex) Red River, Nile River
39
Q

Lake

A
  • A body of water completely surrounded by land

ex) Lake Wpg, Lake Surperior ( largest lake in N. Amer. )

40
Q

Bay

A
  • An inlet on the shore of an ocean or lake. It is not as large as a lake
    ex) Hudson’s Bay, San Francisco Bay, Cali
41
Q

Gulf

A
  • Ocean partly surrounded by land usually larger than a bay.

ex) Gulf of Mexico

42
Q

Strait

A
  • A narrow channel of water connecting two larger bodies of water
    ex) Berring Strait, Strait Gilbeter
43
Q

Glacier

A
  • Body of ice that flows slowly and irregularly, found in montains and polar regions
    ex) Athbasca Glacier between Jasper & Banff, Alberta
44
Q

Ecology

A
  • The study of interactions of living orgnisms with each other and with their environment
45
Q

Landform

A
  • A particular land surface feature, such as a mt, hill, plateau or plain
    ex) Montains, Hills, Plateaus and Plains
46
Q

Topography

A

The shape of the land surface of the earth

47
Q

Drainage Basin

A

An area of land drained by a river and it’s tributaries. Also known as a catehrent area. Boundaries known as water sheds

48
Q

Weather

A
  • The short-term conditions of the atmosphere and can change from day to day.
49
Q

Climate

A
  • The term balance of temperature, precipation, wind, and cloud cover. It describes the average atmosphere conditions over a long period of time.
50
Q

City

A

A place where many people gather to live and work

51
Q

Rural

A

Of the country

About farms and farming

52
Q

Urbanization

A

The largest scaled growth of cities

53
Q

Suburbs

A

A residential district on the outskirts of a city

54
Q

Inner city

A

The older, centrally located part of the city

55
Q

Metropolis

A

A large city; also referred to as a “metropolitan area”

56
Q

Megacity

A

Used to refer to an exceptionally large city
Usually more then 10 million people

Example: Mexico City, Mexico
Calcutta, India
São Paulo, Brazil

57
Q

Megalopolis

A

A huge, sprawling urban area made up of a number of cities

58
Q

Conurbation

A

When several settlements expand so that they become on continuos urban area

ex) Toronto, Ontario

59
Q

Global cities

A

Cities that have influence throughout the world; they are cities that have cultural and economic influence

ex) New York, London, Toyko

60
Q

Urban Planning

A

A profession entirely devoted to making cities work better

61
Q

Urban renewal

A

Tearing down slums and putting up new housing or shopping facilities

62
Q

Exurban growth

A

The development of residential subdivisions in the countryside outside of a city

63
Q

Sprawl

A

The development of new housing in area close city

64
Q

Shanty towns

A

Housing at the edge cities
Often located on steep slopes or land likely to flood
They lack water, sewage services and electricity

Social Studies (4 decks)

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