terms Flashcards
Federalists
- Advocated for a strong central gov & close ties with Britain.
- used petition to demand congress pwr to tax/raise funds to not depend on the state legislature
- led by Alexander Hamilton
- told army reps they have to support them to get paid
Democratic-republicans
(anti-fed)
- Favored state gov and strict interpretation of the Constitution.
- opposed larger gov’t fueled by national tax
- Wanted to keep gov’t as is (weak alliance of strong states)
- feared marinating a standing army (tyrannical like Brits)
Elasti clause
18th power in the enumerated power states congress have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper (loose interpetation, feds)
3/5 compromise
- Counting slaves as 3/5 of a person for the purpose of counting population + representation in congress
- starting 1808, congress could ban slave trade
Nullifications (Kentucky and Virginia Resolves)
Resolutions written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison that criticized the Alien and Sedition Acts and asserted the rights of states to declare federal law null and void within a state.
Quasi War
1797 to 1800
An undeclared war between the United States and France.
CAUSED BY: XYZ Affair
Alien Acts
Alien Acts
1. Alien Friends Act
* empowered the president to deport any alien whom he considered dangerous
2. Alien Enemy Act
* allowed the deportation of any alien who hailed from a country at war with the United States
Naturalization Act
Naturalization Act
* Increased the residency requirement for American citizenship from 5 to 14 years
Sedition Act
Restricing foreign-born Americans speech that critizied the gov
Sectionalism
Political alignment based on your geopraphical alignment
Jay’s treaty
- Agreement by John Jay 1794 to resolve issues b/w US and Brit
- Aimed to settle disputes over: trade, borders, Brit seizure of American ships
- Helped avoid war for a little (not permanently)
Jays Treaty contorversy
- Favored Brit & angered France
Pickney’s treaty
- Treaty w spain that set the border b/w Spanish Florida and U.S > Helping keep peace b/w the 2 countries
Federalists view on alien and sedition acts
Sponsor and enforce alien and sedition acts
Democratic-republican views on alien and sedition acts
- sponsor Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
- declaring a alien and sedition acts “nullified” (declared legally void)
northwest ordinance of 1787
- as states in the west expanded
- northwest ordinance says that slavery is banned, public schools are provided, and private land is protected in states in the west
- included ohio, indiana, illinois, michigan, wisconsin
Whiskey Rebellion
- 1794
- Armed uprising by farmers in
western Pennsylvania - attempted
to prevent the collection of the excise
tax on whiskey. - violent means of resistance, including
tarring and feathering U.S. tax agents
as others had done to British tax agents
before the Revolution.
Republican Motherhood
belief that women should have more rights and a better education to support husbands and raise sons who would participate in the political affairs of society.
Hamilton’s Assumtion Plan
- To pay off debt by assuming the debt of the small and large states into one large debt
- Small states angry at this bc they alr paid their debt; why should pay for irresponsible large states?
Shay’s Rebellion
- 1786-1787
- Armed movement of debt-ridden farmers in western MA who objected states effort to tax them to payoff war debt
George washington
First U.S. President and Revolutionary War leader.
John Adams
Second U.S. President and key figure in the American Revolution.
Northwest Territory
Land north of the Ohio River, later became Midwest states.
Bank of the United States
- 1781
- The first federal bank
- issued currency for the country and stabilized the economy
- Proposed by Alexander Hamilton
- Opposed and Controversial to Dem -Repub bc thought it wasnt allowed by constitution and gave nat gov too much power (strict interp)
Proclamation of Neutrality
U.S. staying neutral in the French-British conflict.
Benjamin Rush
- a federalist
- leader in Pennsylvania’s ratification of the Constitution in 1788
Election of 1800
- Presidention election
- Thomas Jefferson vs John Adams
- Result: Jefferson won
Marbury vs Madison
- 1803
- Supreme court case establishing idea of judicial review, allowing supreme court to declare laws unconstitutional
Midnight judges
Judges appointed by Adams before Jefferson took office.
John Marshall
Fourth Chief Justice, influential in shaping constitutional law.
Compassionate Marriges
Marriages based on affection and companionship
Sentimentalism
Emphasized emotion, compassion, and moral sensibility.
Daniel Webster
- Prominent statesman and lawyer known for oratory skills.
- repped NH and MA
Spanish mission settlements
Religious outposts to spread Christianity in the Americas.
George’s Farewell Adress
- 1796
- Speech delivered before leaving office
- warned against dangers of political fractions, foreign entanglements, and sectionalism
- Advocated for national unity, public education, & virtuous leadership
citizen genet affair
- 1793–1794
- efforts of Edmond-Charles Genêt, French ambassador to the United States to stir up military support for France and the French Revolution among Americans, leading to long-term anti-French sentiment
treaty of greenville
- 1795
- native americans in northwest territory forced to give up land in present ohio, indiana, illinois, michigan, wisconsin,
