general Flashcards
Causes - French Revolution
royals were tyrannical
economic & political oppression
- lower class faced heavy tax burdens > fueling resentment toward clergy & nobles
- lack of representation > discontent
Events - French Revolution
- King Louis overthrown & executed
- Bastille was stormed
- Violent
- Rubespierre/institute a republic (& kill anyone who disagrees)
Effects - French Revolution
- Napoleon = emperor
- Tries to conquer the world
World War
Purpose of Hamilton financial plan
1) Mercantile system
2) To pay off debt
3) Get taken seriously by other nations
4) Stabalize economy
5) Strong trade relationship w Brit
- Cintroversial: Just fought war for independence, but Brit is the strongest nation so better to be on good terms
Parts/Elements Hamilton’s financial plan
1) Excise tax
- create taxes to raise $ to pay off debt
2) Assumption plan
- To pay off debt by assuming big & small states debt
- Unfair: small states alr paid debt
3) National bank
- Unify currency, Pay off debt, Connect w other countries (to say they’re worthy of trading w), taxes
Controversy of Hamilton’s Finacial Plan
1) excise tax leads to Whisky Rebellion
Wash. sends troops, Viewed as necessary by federalists, Trending toward tyranny by Dem. Repub.
2) National Bank
Dem -Repub thought it wasnt allowed by constitution and gave national gov too much power (strict interp)
3) Assumption plan
Compromise, leading to Washington D.C
5)Tarrifs > Regulate trade
mercantilism too much pwr to central gov’t
Federalist Leaders (Hamiltonions)
- Hamilton
- Washington
- Adams
Democratic-Republican Leaders (Jeffersonians)
- Thomas Jefferson
- James Maddison
- Monroe
Federalists Views on economic future
- strong national bank = stable economy
- promoting manufacturing and trade through gov policies (including excise taxes & national bank)
- Strong trade relationship w GB
Democratic-Republican views on economic future
- self sufficiency (little-no trade w outside countries)
- farmers backbone of economy
Federalists belief abt central govt
- support it
- neccessary to build stronger relationship among states
Democratic-Republican beleif ab central govt
- against it
- less pwr to central govt is better
- powerful central govt > tyranny
- strong state power
Federalists pov on interpretation of the consitiution
- 10th amendment
- loose interpretation
- federal govt can do thing in order to acieve a consititutional goal
Democratic-Republican pov on interpretation of the constitution
- strict interpretation
- gov must abide by exact words on consitition
- 10th amendment, if it is not specifically listed in the enumerated powers, should be left up to the states
typical federalist supporters
and section of the country that supports fed
- upper class
- merchants
- educated
- northeast
typical Democratic-Republican supporters
and section of the country that supports dem-repub
- farmers
- tradesmen
- commoners
- immigrants
- South (and emerging west)
XYZ Affair general
- 1798
- Pickney, Marshall, Elbridge Gerry to France on secert peace mission
- French diplomats XYZ met w them
- Americans outraged by the demand of French diplomats XYZ, for a payment/bribe of $250k to let Americans meet w top French minister
XYZ Affair Impact
Leads to Quasi war
* War seems iminent (like its ab to happen
* congress creates navy & authorizes American Ships to seize french vessels
* washington led army
Adams is able to use his power to prevent official war and praised for doing so
Federal Response to Internal Unrest: 1780s, under AOC
Limited federal power under articles of confederation resulted in a weak response to internal unrest
Federal Response to Internal Unrest: 1780s, under Constitution
constitution provided a stronger central gov, allowing for a more effective federal response to internal unrest in the 1790s
challenges under AOC
- Shays rebellion highlighted weakness of federal gov in adressing internal unrest
- inability to raise funds, maintain standing army, enforce fed laws,
strengthening on federal gov: constitution
constitution strengthened federal government, improving response tp unrest vs AOC could not fund an army
